Characterizing Human Collective Behaviors During COVID-19 — Hong Kong SAR, China, 2020

Du, Zhanwei; Zhang, Xiao; Wang, Lin; Yao, Sidan; Bai, Yuan; Tan, Qinggui; Xu, Xiao-Ke; Pei, Sen; Xiao, Jingyi; Tsang, Tim K.; Liao, Qiuyan; Lau, Eric H Y; Wu, Peng; Gao, Chao; Cowling, Benjamin J.

doi:10.46234/ccdcw2023.014

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…As a major international transportation hub and a special economic zone of China, HK has been affected by the global spread of infectious diseases over the past decades (Z. Du, Tian, and Jin 2022; Z. Du et al 2023).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the importation risk of mpox virus in 2022 to Hong Kong, China

Shan

Shao³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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International air travel has been recognized as a crucial factor in the cross-regional transmission of monkeypox (now known as mpox) since this disease rapidly spread across the globe in May 2022. On September 6, 2022, Hong Kong SAR (HK) reported its first imported mpox case with travel history of the United States (US), Canada, and the Philippines. In this study, we estimated the importation risk to HK from 25 international departures from May 1 to September 6, 2022, based on the prevalence of pre-symptomatic mpox cases in the study regions, and time-varying flight mobility evaluated by aggregating multiple open-access air travel datasets (e.g., OpenSky, Aviation Edge). The result indicated that the US had the most significant importation risk of 0.63 (95% CI: 0.32, 0.95) during the study period, followed by the United Kingdom (UK) and Canada with a risk of 0.29 (95% CI: 0.10, 0.63) and 0.17 (95% CI: 0.08, 0.32), respectively. Our study demonstrated that the importation risk of mpox from the US and Canada was substantially higher than other regions, which was aligned with the travel history of the first reported case in HK. Our study provided a simplified computational method for estimating the importation risk of mpox virus based on air travel mobility and disease prevalence. Estimating the international importation risk of mpox is essential for appropriately designing and timely adjusting emergency public health strategies and inbound measures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the importation risk of mpox virus in 2022 to Hong Kong, China

Shan

Shao³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…It can be predicted that when people adjust from the familiar " clear-to-zero" policy to the new policy, people's psychological state will also be affected by the change. Zhanwei Du et al [3]showed that following external situation reports, individuals perceive risks, experience different emotional reactions, and further change their behaviors -usually by following the strengthening process (i.e., risk perception drives emotional reactions, and emotional reactions affect behaviors, Fig. 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of COVID-19 prevention and control policy adjustment on anxiety, depression and coping behavior in China: a Cross-sectional Online Survey, 21-28 December, 2022

Qin

Qiao

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background Following external situation reports, individuals perceive risks, experience different emotional reactions, and further change their behaviors. Therefor people's psychological state will also be affected by the change after the adjustment of COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control policy, and it remains unknown what kind of coping behaviors will be produced due to emotional reactions. This study focuses on assessing the prevalence of negative emotions in the Chinese population after policy adjustments and explores how negative emotions affect people's coping behaviors.Methods A cross-sectional online survey was conducted during 21–28 December 2022, included sociodemographic characteristics, COVID-19 infection and irrational purchase behavior, psychological assessment, and opinion polling. Depression and anxiety status are assessed by PHQ-9 and GAD-7, Coping behavior is defined as " medical behavior and irrational consumption behavior after the adjustment of COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control policy in China". The relationship between anxiety, depression and coping behavior was analyzed by Pearson χ2 test, Fisher's exact test and logistic regression.Results A total of 3995 participants who reported infection with COVID-19 were included in this study, of which 2363 (59.1%) and 1194 (29.9%) had symptoms of depression and anxiety, respectively. According to the results of the Pearson χ2 test, there was a significant difference in clinical treatment (such as self- medication, seeking professional treatment, using online services of medical institutions) and irrational purchase behavior (such as large-scale purchases of medicines, masks) between different level of depression and anxiety. Logistic regression results show that depression was a risk factor for self- medication (OR = 1.254, 95%CI: 1.124 ~ 1.399), seeking professional treatment (OR = 1.215, 95%CI: 1.017 ~ 1.451), using online services of medical institutions (OR = 1.320, 95%CI: 1.159 ~ 1.503), large-scale purchases of medicines (OR = 1.154, 95%CI: 1.083 ~ 1.230) and masks (OR = 1.096, 95%CI: 1.005 ~ 1.196). Anxiety was a risk factor for seeking professional treatment(OR = 1.285, 95%CI: 1.009 ~ 1.636) and large-scale purchases of masks (OR = 1.168, 95%CI: 1.028 ~ 1.327).Conclusion Affected by depression, COVID-19 patients are more likely to have medical behaviors such as self- medication, seeking professional treatment, and using online services of medical institutions, which may also trigger their storage behaviors of medicines and masks; on the other hand, anxiety will trigger the coping behavior of patients to seek professional treatment and store masks in large quantities. Attention should be paid to expand mental health screening and guidance in community health institutions, and to carry out COVID-19 health education for depressed or anxious people, in order to reduce adverse drug reactions, avoid panic seeking professional treatment and irrational purchase behavior, and protect the mental health of the public.Trial registration: This study has been approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Capital Medical University (2023SY086), and informed consent was obtained from the study subjects before the investigation.

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“…As a major international transportation hub and a special administrative region of China, HK has been affected by the global spread of infectious diseases over the past decades [3,30]. HK experienced the SARS outbreak in 2003 [31] as well as the Influenza A (H1N1) pandemic in 2009 [32], and further fueled and accelerated the global transmission of these diseases [33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the Importation Risk of Mpox Virus in 2022 to Hong Kong, China

Xu,

Shan,

Shao

et al. 2023

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases

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International air travel has been recognized as a crucial factor in the cross-regional transmission of monkeypox (now known as mpox) since this disease rapidly spread across the globe in May 2022. On September 6, 2022, Hong Kong SAR (HK) reported its first imported mpox case with travel history of the United States (US), Canada, and the Philippines. In this study, we estimated the importation risk to HK from 25 international departure regions from May 1 to September 6, 2022, based on the prevalence of presymptomatic mpox cases in the study regions, and time-varying flight mobility evaluated by aggregating multiple open-access air travel datasets (e.g., OpenSky and Aviation Edge). The results of the study indicated that during the study period, the highest risk of mpox importation was from the US, at 63% (95% CI: 32% and 95%), followed by the United Kingdom (UK) and Canada, with risks of 29% (95% CI: 10% and 63%), and 17% (95% CI: 8% and 32%), respectively. The importation risk of mpox from the US and Canada was substantially higher than from the other regions, which was aligned with the travel history of the first reported case in HK. Our study introduces a simplified computational method that estimates the risk of importation mpox virus by combining air travel mobility, disease prevalence, and observed real-world scenarios to achieve accurate outcome estimates. Estimating the cross-regional importation risk of mpox would be beneficial in designing and adjusting inbound measures appropriately, which are essential for emergency public health policies.

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Characterizing Human Collective Behaviors During COVID-19 — Hong Kong SAR, China, 2020

Cited by 7 publications

References 22 publications

Estimating the importation risk of mpox virus in 2022 to Hong Kong, China

Estimating the importation risk of mpox virus in 2022 to Hong Kong, China

The impact of COVID-19 prevention and control policy adjustment on anxiety, depression and coping behavior in China: a Cross-sectional Online Survey, 21-28 December, 2022

Estimating the Importation Risk of Mpox Virus in 2022 to Hong Kong, China

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