Characterizing Soil Properties of Lowland and Hill Dipterocarp Forests at Peninsular Malaysia

Zaidey, A. K.; Abdu, Arifin; Zahari, I.; Hazandy, A. H.; Zaki, M. H.; Affendy, H.; Wasli, Mohd Effendi; Hafiz, Y. K.; Shamshuddin, J.; Muhamad, Masri

doi:10.3923/ijss.2010.112.130

Cited by 29 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The Al concentrations and organic matter influenced the soil acidity. According to Zaidey et al (2010) the increase of pH with increasing depth may be related to the contents of Fe and Al oxides, while the content of organic matter exhibit high and low pH values. Soil organic matter was restored after 8 years of planting (Carlos et al, 1991).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differences in Soil Physical and Chemical Properties of Rehabilitated and Secondary Forests

Akbar¹

2010

American Journal of Applied Sciences

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Problem statement:The soil properties of tropical rain forest in Southeast Asia have been characterized by several researchers; however empirical data on soil characteristics under rehabilitation program are still limited or even lacking. This research is important to determine the soil physical and chemical properties of a rehabilitated degraded forest land 19 years after planting with various indigenous species in comparison with adjacent secondary forests and to elucidate the soil fertility status in rehabilitated and secondary forests by using Soil Fertility Index (SFI) and Soil Evaluation Factor (SEF). Approach: Soil samples were collected from both locations which were rehabilitated forest and secondary forest (Nirwana forest) at University Putra Malaysia, Bintulu Sarawak Campus. The plot size of each experimental site was 20×20 m. An auger was used to take soil samples from two depths, namely 0-10 and 10-20 cm. For soil profile, the soil samples were collected from different depths up to 100 cm according to the soil horizons. The samples were airdried, homogenized and sieved to pass a 2 mm mesh sieve for further analysis. The physical analysis consisted of bulk density and soil moisture content. For chemical analysis, soil acidity, soil organic matter, total organic carbon, available P, exchangeable Al, exchangeable ammonium and nitrate, exchangeable cations (Ca, Mg, K) and Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) were determined. The soil fertility status was determined based on SFI and SEF values for both rehabilitated and secondary forests. Results: The bulk density of the rehabilitated forest ranged between 0.70 and 1.29 g cm −3 and that of the secondary forest was 0.64-0.76 g cm −3 . The soil moisture content of the rehabilitated forest was 23.31-51.03% while that of secondary forest was 41.06-41.49%. The range pH (water) of the rehabilitated forest was 4.5-5.0 and that of the secondary forest range was 4.2-4.3. Furthermore, the content of SOM in the rehabilitated forest was 2.5-5.8%. On other hand, the range for the secondary was 4.1-4.6%. The exchangeable Al of the rehabilitated forest was 0.8-2.5 cmol c kg −1 and that of the secondary forest was 1.6-1.7 cmol c kg −1 . The CEC of the rehabilitated forest was 1.4-11.8 cmol c kg −1 , while that of the secondary forest was 4.3-4.5 cmol c kg −1 . Based on SFI and SEF values, the secondary forest had a lower fertility status compared to the rehabilitated forest. Moreover, the SEF value of the secondary forest was below 5, while some of the plots of rehabilitated forest had the SEF values greater than 5. Conclusion: It can be concluded that both rehabilitated and secondary forests have significant differences based on selected physical and chemical properties. Moreover, the soil fertility status at rehabilitated plots was comparatively higher than secondary Am. J. Applied Sci., 7 (9): 1200Sci., 7 (9): -1209Sci., 7 (9): , 2010 1201 forest indicating a good potential of 'Miyawaki' forest rehabilitation technique in rehabilitating and replenishing soil fe...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although several studies have been conducted to characterize the soil properties in Malaysia (Ishizuka et al, 2000;Hattori et al, 2005;Abdu et al, 2007;Zaidey et al, 2010), a crucial information in relation to physical and chemical properties under rehabilitation of degraded forest land with various dipterocarp species is rather limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in Soil Physical and Chemical Properties of Rehabilitated and Secondary Forests

Akbar¹

2010

American Journal of Applied Sciences

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“…The pH for both surface and subsurface soils in secondary forest was more acidic than those in the rehabilitation forest, which were associated with high exchangeable Al. The acidity occurring in the forest soils was due to the presence of Al and H. According to Zaidey et al (2010), the Al concentrations and organic matter influenced the soil acidity. Moreover, the acidity may be caused by water deficiency due to drought (Akbar et al, 2010).…”

Section: Ajesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Soil Fertility Status of Rehabilitated Degraded Tropical Rainforest

Jamaluddin

Abdu

Hamid

et al. 2013

American Journal of Environmental Sciences

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An assessment of forest rehabilitation program in relation to soil fertility status by using soil indices could provide fundamental information on soil suitability for species preferences and improve the effective technique for future rehabilitation program in tropical rainforests. This study was conducted in order to characterize the soil properties and identifying the soil fertility status of rehabilitated and secondary forests. Soil samples were collected in year 2009 at rehabilitation forests (20 years after planting) and secondary forest of Nirwana Forest Reserve, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) Bintulu Campus, Sarawak, Malaysia. The rehabilitation plots were planted with mixed dipterocarp and non-dipterocarp species since 1991. Prior to conversion of the areas into various land use types, the rehabilitation and secondary forests areas were considered as natural forests and subsequently subjected to forest logging with Selective Management System (SMS) in 1980s.The plot size for each site was 20×20 m for 18 experimental sites (at different ages after planting) were established, followed by soil sampling at 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm depth randomly using soil auger. Standard soil analysis for physical and chemical properties was used to analyze the soil samples. The soil fertility status was evaluated using two indices, namely Soil Fertility Index (SFI) and Soil Evaluation Factor (SEF) for both rehabilitated and secondary forests. The results showed that there were significant differences (p<0.05) in pH (water and KCl), exchangeable Mg, Na, Al and ammonium and granule composition (clay, silt and sand) between depths. The PCA result of 70% total variability (OM, TOC, TC and CEC) score in PC1 shows positive relationship, explaining nutrients in the soil stored in the organic matter in the surface soils. The correlation analysis indicated that there were positive relationship (p<0.05) between OM and TC, CEC and exchangeable Al for surface soils. We found that the selected physico-chemical properties had a significant differences based on the age of planting of rehabilitated forests. For subsurface soils, correlation between exchangeable Al and OM and CEC shows strong positive relationship, indicating that negative charge derived from organic materials plays important roles for cation retention capacity. The SFI and SEF for rehabilitation forests showed higher value as compared to secondary forests, indicating forest rehabilitation had improved the soil fertility status of degraded forestland. In conclusion, both rehabilitated and secondary forests have significant differences based on the selected physical and chemical properties. Moreover, the soil fertility status at rehabilitated plots was higher than secondary forest, which is proved that the forest rehabilitation technique is a suitable planting technique for rehabilitating and replenishing soil fertility status of abandoned degraded shifting cultivation land.

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“…Parfitt et al (1995) also reported that lower contents of clay and loam in the soil lead to a low CEC values. Other researchers also found that the CEC of soils in tropics were affected by different negative charges derived from clay minerals and due to the amount of clay in soil (Ohta and Effendi, 1992;Hamzah et al, 2009;Saga et al, 2010;Zaidey et al, 2010;Sakurai et al, 1998;Arifin et al, 2008;Roslan et al, 2011). Total N and total C were also low and hence these soils are considered as very poor.…”

Section: Initial Properties Of the Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

EFFECTS OF MIXED ORGANIC AND INORGANIC FERTILIZERS APPLICATION ON SOIL PROPERTIES AND THE GROWTH OF KENAF (<i>HIBISCUS CANNABINUS</i> L.) CULTIVATED ON BRIS SOILS

Basri¹,

Abdu²,

Shamshuddin³

et al. 2013

American Journal of Applied Sciences

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The demand for kenaf in the world increases rapidly by the years. Cultivation of the crop in Malaysia is a challenging task, especially when kenaf is grown on sandy soils with low fertility, such as the BRIS Soils (Beach Ridges Interspersed with Swales). A pot study was conducted in a glasshouse at Universiti Putra Malaysia to evaluate the potential of inorganic and organic fertilizers or their combination for growing kenaf on very sandy BRIS Soils, using variety V36. There were altogether sixteen treatments: (T Results showed that application of inorganic material or organic fertilizer in combination with chemical fertilizer (T 2 and T 16 ) improved soil fertility, which are reflected by the increase inexchangeable K, Ca and Mg, CEC, total N, total C and available P. The highest kenaf growth was observed in T 15 treatment.Application of biochar, zeolite or chicken manure alone on the soils did not result in better kenaf growth compared to the control. Zeolite and biochar should be applied with other fertilizers or organic substrate to obtain a positive yield of crop and increase the soil properties. In addition, more studies on the application of chicken manure at different ratios should be conducted to obtain the best yield. Combination treatment, T 15 (NPK + biochar + zeolite) can be suggested to the farmers especially cultivation of kenaf on sandy BRIS soil in order to obtain the best kenaf growth performance and indirectly reduce excessive use of chemical fertilizers.

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Characterizing Soil Properties of Lowland and Hill Dipterocarp Forests at Peninsular Malaysia

Cited by 29 publications

References 33 publications

Differences in Soil Physical and Chemical Properties of Rehabilitated and Secondary Forests

Differences in Soil Physical and Chemical Properties of Rehabilitated and Secondary Forests

Assessing Soil Fertility Status of Rehabilitated Degraded Tropical Rainforest

EFFECTS OF MIXED ORGANIC AND INORGANIC FERTILIZERS APPLICATION ON SOIL PROPERTIES AND THE GROWTH OF KENAF (<i>HIBISCUS CANNABINUS</i> L.) CULTIVATED ON BRIS SOILS

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