Characterizing substance use and mental health profiles of cigar, blunt, and non-blunt marijuana users from the National Survey of Drug Use and Health

Cohn, Amy M.; Johnson, Amanda L.; Ehlke, Sarah; Villanti, Andrea C.

doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.12.017

Cited by 67 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…For example, Montgomery (2015) found that blunt use among blacks was related to a pattern of an earlier age of onset of cigarette, cigar and cannabis use than no use of blunt (tobacco use only). Recent studies showed that blunt use was associated with increased odds of cannabis use disorder among blacks (Cohn et al, 2016; Fairman, 2015). Lastly, blacks have faced more barriers to mental health care than white, and a delay to access timely healthcare may be related to excess use of ED care (Cook et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends and Correlates of Cannabis-involved Emergency Department Visits: 2004 to 2011

Zhu

2016

Journal of Addiction Medicine

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Objectives To examine trends and correlates of cannabis-involved emergency department (ED) visits in the United States from 2004 to 2011. Methods Data were obtained from the 2004-2011 Drug Abuse Warning Network. We analyzed trend in cannabis-involved ED visits for persons aged ≥12 years and stratified by type of cannabis involvement (cannabis-only, cannabis-polydrug). We used logistic regressions to determine correlates of cannabis-involved hospitalization versus cannabis-involved ED visits only. Results Between 2004 and 2011, the ED visit rate increased from 51 to 73 visits per 100,000 population aged ≥ 12 years for cannabis-only use (P-value for trend=0.004) and from 63 to 100 for cannabis-polydrug use (P-value for trend<0.001). Adolescents aged 12-17 years showed the largest increase in the cannabis-only-involved ED visit rate (Rate difference=80 per 100,000 adolescents). Across racial/ethnic groups, the most prevalent ED visits were noted among non-Hispanic blacks. Among cannabis-involved visits, the odds of hospitalization (versus ED visits only) increased with age strata compared with aged 12-17 years. Conclusions These findings suggest a notable increase in the ED visit numbers and rates for both the use of cannabis-only and cannabis-polydrug during the studied period, particularly among young people and non-Hispanic blacks.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends and Correlates of Cannabis-involved Emergency Department Visits: 2004 to 2011

Zhu

2016

Journal of Addiction Medicine

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“…Tobacco researchers should be aware that tobacco products used to consume marijuana may not be reported as tobacco use, and should specifically ask about the use of blunt wraps and cigarillos for marijuana consumption. While this issue has been raised before, 14 with at least one nationally representative survey (National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH)) asking about cigarillos for marijuana consumption, 22 it has not been widely adopted and will become increasingly critical as marijuana is more widely legalised.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traversing the triangulum: the intersection of tobacco, legalised marijuana and electronic vaporisers in Denver, Colorado: Table 1

2016

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ObjectiveTo explore the intersection of tobacco, legalised marijuana and electronic vaporiser use among young adults in the ‘natural laboratory’ of Colorado, the first state with legalised retail marijuana.MethodsWe conducted semistructured interviews with 32 young adults (18–26 years old) in Denver, Colorado, in 2015 to understand the beliefs and practices related to the use of tobacco, marijuana and vaporisers.ResultsWe found ambiguity about whether the phrase ‘to smoke’ refers to the use of tobacco or marijuana products. Smoking marijuana blunts (emptied cigarillo or tobacco wrap filled with marijuana) was common, but few interpreted this as tobacco use. Marijuana vaporisers were used to circumvent public consumption laws (eg, while at work or when driving). Young adults considered secondhand tobacco smoke dangerous, but perceived secondhand marijuana smoke as benign.DiscussionUsing tobacco products as a delivery method for marijuana (eg, blunts) might be increasing and normalising tobacco use among young adults. Surveillance should explicitly ask about use of tobacco products for marijuana. Marijuana vaporisers, often indistinguishable from nicotine vaporisers, may be used to circumvent public consumption laws; communities concerned about use of marijuana in public spaces should include vaporisers (for nicotine or marijuana) in smoke-free regulations. Tobacco, marijuana and electronic vaporisers should be studied together, rather than separately. This approach is essential in informing research and policy as more US states and countries worldwide move to legalise marijuana.

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“…We assessed respondents' age (18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34), and 35-44 years), gender (male, female), race/ethnicity (white, black/African American, non-Hispanic, and Hispanic/Latino), level of education (less than high school, high school graduate, some college, and college graduate or advanced degree), household income (< $15 000, $15 000-40 000, $40 000-$75 000, and ≥$75 000), and employment status (working, not working but looking for work, and not working, not looking for work).…”

Section: Sociodemographicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Respondents who were younger, black/African American, and current tobacco, alcohol, or other drug users had higher odds of dual cigar and blunt use or blunt-only smoking. 21 This study assessed all cigar use behaviors, but did not distinguish LCC subtypes among groups at high risk for use. To our knowledge, no study has examined concomitant use of subtypes of LCCs (LCC-tobacco, LCC-blunt, and LCC-poly use, which includes both LCC-tobacco and LCC-blunt) among specific subgroups of cigarette smokers (ie, blacks/African Americans, Hispanics/Latinos) who may be more likely to engage in these unique smoking behaviors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Little Cigars and Cigarillos Use Among Young Adult Cigarette Smokers in the United States: Understanding Risk of Concomitant Use Subtypes

Sterling

Fryer

Pagano

et al. 2016

NICTOB

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Aggregate measures of LCC smoking do not distinguish subtypes of use among socially-disadvantaged cigarette smokers (ie, young adults, blacks/African Americans, Hispanics/Latinos), who may engage in these unique smoking behaviors. We document the prevalence of young adult cigarette smokers who dual use LCC-tobacco and LCC-blunts and are poly users of LCC-tobacco + LCC-blunts, and identify sociodemographic groups at risk for use. The Food and Drug Administration is concerned about concomitant behavior, which may increase chronic disease risk and addiction. Accurate estimates of LCC smoking behaviors may increase our understanding of the harms of concomitant use; which can inform prevention programs that specifically target LCC subtypes.

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Characterizing substance use and mental health profiles of cigar, blunt, and non-blunt marijuana users from the National Survey of Drug Use and Health

Cited by 67 publications

References 37 publications

Trends and Correlates of Cannabis-involved Emergency Department Visits: 2004 to 2011

Trends and Correlates of Cannabis-involved Emergency Department Visits: 2004 to 2011

Traversing the triangulum: the intersection of tobacco, legalised marijuana and electronic vaporisers in Denver, Colorado: Table 1

Little Cigars and Cigarillos Use Among Young Adult Cigarette Smokers in the United States: Understanding Risk of Concomitant Use Subtypes

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