Characterizing symptoms of e-cigarette dependence: a qualitative study of young adults

Simpson, Kelsey; Kechter, Afton; Schiff, Sara J; Braymiller, Jessica L.; Yamaguchi, Naosuke; Ceasar, Rachel Carmen; Bluthenthal, Ricky N.; Barrington‐Trimis, Jessica L.

doi:10.1186/s12889-021-10945-z

Cited by 29 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Consistent with this interpretation, a recent young adult qualitative study showed there are some symptoms of nicotine dependence that are unique to vaping. These symptoms include greater nicotine consumption due to accessibility, lack of restrictions, social acceptability, immediate gratification and comfort, habitual vaping, and inability to track vaping frequency (Simpson et al, 2021). For instance, this may represent a cyclical process by which ENDS dependence leads individuals to ensure they always have an ENDS device with them, and the context of always having a device with them fosters habitual ENDS use.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This article is intended solely for the personal use of the individual user and is not to be disseminated broadly. comfort, habitual vaping, and inability to track vaping frequency (Simpson et al, 2021). For instance, this may represent a cyclical process by which ENDS dependence leads individuals to ensure they always have an ENDS device with them, and the context of always having a device with them fosters habitual ENDS use.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Daily variation in the patterns and characteristics of adolescent ENDS use.

Shamblen¹,

Abadi²,

Thompson³

et al. 2022

Psychology of Addictive Behaviors

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Objective: Adolescents are more likely than young adults to use electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), yet most of what is known is concluded from young adult ENDS use as young adults are easier to survey. Additionally, while evidence about the prevalence and trends of adolescent ENDS use comes from crosssectional studies, ecological momentary assessment (EMA) studies provide greater detail about the ways in which adolescents vape and the environments that are favorable to adolescent vaping, providing important guidance for policy, prevention, and intervention. Method: We conducted a 2-week EMA study with 50 adolescents to assess behaviors, contexts, and characteristics of ENDS use. Given longitudinal research showing strong associations between ENDS use and use of other substances, we also examined tobacco cigarettes use, and daily concurrent use with tobacco cigarettes and marijuana. Results: There was little daily variability in motivations, willingness, and intentions, or in product characteristics. ENDS use varied by day and was more frequent on weekends, whereas cigarette use was less likely on weekends. We found daily variability in contexts and the characteristics of situations where adolescents used, which were largely social-normative, including whose device was used, which flavors were used, and where and with whom adolescents used ENDS. Unexpectedly, marijuana accompanied more than a quarter of ENDS use occasions. Conclusions: Socio-ecological context is important for explaining adolescent ENDS use and it is critical to developing adolescent ENDS prevention, intervention, and treatment resources. Prevention messaging may be most relevant and effective on weekends when youth exposure to advertising and peer influences are greatest. Public Health Significance StatementOur study found that adolescent ENDS use was more frequent and adolescent cigarette use was less frequent on weekends. We found daily variability in the contexts and the characteristics of situations where adolescents used ENDS, which were largely social-normative. Socio-ecological context is likely important in developing prevention messaging relevant to the context where adolescents use.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Daily variation in the patterns and characteristics of adolescent ENDS use.

Shamblen¹,

Abadi²,

Thompson³

et al. 2022

Psychology of Addictive Behaviors

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“…Procedures have been described in detail previously (See additional information on methods in “Qualitative Interviews” and “Qualitative Data Analysis”). 18 Briefly, young adults who use e-cigarettes were publicly recruited from the Los Angeles, California metropolitan area through the use of fliers and online advertisements via social media platforms. To be included in the study, young adults had to be 18 to 25 years of age and self-report vaping on a weekly basis or more for at least 5 months prior to study enrollment.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While JUUL and other e-cigarettes are a different form of nicotine administration than cigarettes, research shows that JUUL can actually deliver higher concentrations of nicotine than other tobacco products. Furthermore, research also shows that e-cigarette aerosols contain numerous respiratory irritants and toxicants as well as adverse biologic effects on organ and cellular health 18,19. *Note 2: Our qualitative study was conducted in 2018 and at the time, over 5 years of research on vaping was already available in scientific journals as well as in literature from anti-tobacco organizations and government entities, such as Truth Initiative and the U.S.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceiving E-Cigarettes as Safe and Safer Alternative to Cigarettes Among Young Adults

Ceasar,

Braymiller,

Kechter

et al. 2024

Substance Use & Addiction Journal

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Background: Young adults are using e-cigarettes at high rates. While the literature on the health risks associated with e-cigarettes is extensive and growing, little is known about young adults’ thoughts and perceptions of the safety and harms of e-cigarettes. Methods: We conducted one-on-one interviews with young adults aged 18 to 25 years in Los Angeles, California between June 2018 and June 2019. We interviewed and audio-recorded young adults (N = 62) who consented to the study and self-reported to have used e-cigarettes on a weekly basis or more for at least 5 months prior to study enrollment. Interviews examined participants’ thoughts, feelings, and experiences related to e-cigarette use. We audio-recorded, transcribed, and coded the interviews using grounded theory analysis methods. Results: Young adults often believed that e-cigarettes were safer than cigarettes and were safe to use, especially following positive vaping experiences. Young adults were skeptical of the available science on e-cigarette use and felt there was not conclusive data on the harms of e-cigarettes. In their selection of e-cigarettes over cigarettes, young adults felt they were making a conscious and healthier choice. Because young adults viewed e-cigarettes to be better for them based on their personal experiences with vaping, they felt e-cigarettes were a superior alternative to combustible tobacco. Conclusions: Young adults in our study believed that the long-term health effects of e-cigarette use are not clearly understood and were generally skeptical of the research on e-cigarette harms. Policy, education, and anti-smoking campaigns need to clarify the negative health-related consequences of e-cigarette use for young people.

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“…E-cigarettes are commonly used by young people for consumption of flavored aerosol [ 3 ] that may or may not contain nicotine, and e-cigarette use has been associated with dependence [ 4 , 5 ]. Young adult e-cigarette users tend to report addiction as a concern [ 6 ] and face difficulty while trying to quit [ 7 ]. There has been an increasing demand for research focused on developing effective strategies for helping e-cigarette users quit e-cigarette use, especially among young users who may not be using e-cigarettes to quit or reduce cigarette smoking [ 8 , 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of Discontinued E-Cigarette Use at One-Year Follow-Up in a Sample of Young Adults

Pokhrel

Kawamoto

Mettias

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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Background: Currently, the research on factors associated with young adults’ discontinuation of e-cigarette use behavior is limited. This study tested the predictors of self-reported e-cigarette abstinence at one-year follow-up among young adult baseline current e-cigarette users. The following variables were tested as predictors: demographics, cigarette smoking, e-cigarette use dependence, e-cigarette use duration, harm perceptions, and preferred aspects of e-cigarette use, including sensations, flavor, and device characteristics. Methods: Data were provided at two time-points one year apart by 435 ethnically diverse young adults (M age = 22.3, SD = 3.1; 63% women) who reported current e-cigarette use at baseline. Results: Approximately 42% of those who reported current e-cigarette use at baseline (i.e., 184 out of 435 participants) reported discontinuation of e-cigarette use at one-year follow-up. Results indicated that higher e-cigarette dependence, longer history of e-cigarette use, lower e-cigarette harm perceptions, greater preference for both menthol and sweet flavors, for open-pod-based devices, and for e-cigarette use sensations such as buzz, taste and smell of flavors, and throat hit at baseline were associated with lower likelihood of e-cigarette use discontinuation at one-year follow-up. Conclusions: Characteristics associated with nicotine (e.g., dependence) and flavors (e.g., taste and smell) appear to drive the continuation/discontinuation of e-cigarette use among young adults. Thus, cessation strategies may need to be developed with a focus on dependence and harm perceptions related to nicotine and flavors. Furthermore, better regulating open-pod-based devices and sweet–menthol flavors may help e-cigarette use prevention.

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Characterizing symptoms of e-cigarette dependence: a qualitative study of young adults

Cited by 29 publications

References 29 publications

Daily variation in the patterns and characteristics of adolescent ENDS use.

Daily variation in the patterns and characteristics of adolescent ENDS use.

Perceiving E-Cigarettes as Safe and Safer Alternative to Cigarettes Among Young Adults

Predictors of Discontinued E-Cigarette Use at One-Year Follow-Up in a Sample of Young Adults

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