Characterizing the distinctive acoustic cues of Mandarin tones

Tupper, Paul; Leung, Keith K. W.; Wang, Yue; Jongman, Allard; Sereno, Joan A.

doi:10.1121/10.0001024

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…High Ki-67 expression signifies poor prognosis and is an important reference value for the diagnosis, treatment, and evaluation of breast cancer. SUE is an important supplement to the two-dimensional gray-scale ultrasound and can better evaluate the hardness of breast masses with good repeatability[ 19 , 20 ]. Unlike conventional two-dimensional gray-scale ultrasound, SUE can evaluate the hardness of lesions and indirectly reflect the composition of the tissue matrix.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer evaluated using strain ultrasonic elastography

Pan¹,

Zhang²,

Wu³

et al. 2022

WJCC

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BACKGROUND The incidence of breast cancer in China is increasing while its mortality rate is decreasing. The annual breast cancer incidence in China is 39.2 million, accounting for two-thirds of the urban population. In China, breast cancer is the fifth most common malignant tumor overall and the most common in women, accounting for 17% of female malignant tumors. AIM To investigate the accuracy of strain ultrasound elastography (SUE) on the evaluation of preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in breast cancer. METHODS Overall, 90 patients with breast cancer treated at our hospital between January 2018 and February 2019 were selected for this study. The patients received six cycles of NAC with docetaxel, epirubicin, and cyclophosphamide. Surgical treatment was also performed, and pathological reactivity was assessed. The patients were evaluated using conventional ultrasonography and SUE before biopsy. The differences between groups were analyzed to calculate the mean and standard deviation with significance measured using a t -test, while multivariate analysis was performed using logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Of the patients analyzed, 20 had a pathological complete remission (pCR) while 70 did not achieve pCR after NAC. The ratio of the elastic strain ratio (SR) and elastic score of 4–5 in patients with pCR were 5.5 ± 1.16 and 15.00%, respectively; these were significantly lower than those in patients without pCR (85%) and significantly higher than in patients without pCR (14%). SR and elastic score 4–5 were independent factors influencing NAC efficacy (OR=0.644, 1.426 and 1.366, respectively, P < 0.05). SR was positively correlated with elasticity score (r s = 0.411, P < 0.05). The area under the receiver operator characteristic curve of SR and SR combined with elastic score in predicting patients without pCR was 0.822 and 0.891, respectively ( P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Strain ultrasonic elastography may be used to evaluate the effects of preoperative NAC in patients with breast cancer.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer evaluated using strain ultrasonic elastography

Pan¹,

Zhang²,

Wu³

et al. 2022

WJCC

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“…There are various ways to evaluate different aspects of Mandarin tone characteristics (e.g., Tupper et al, 2020 ). Zhou and Xu (2008) used the F0 onset and F0 offset of the F0 contour to analyze the produced tones acoustically.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the present study, we modified these indices into two features: tone differentiability and tone hit rate. In addition, besides the two endpoints on the F0 contours, we also incorporated the middle point of the F0 contours in our computation to capture potentially distinctive characteristics of tone contour, which could be especially meaningful for tone 3 ( Tupper et al, 2020 ). This latter method was referred to as the three-dimensional (3D) method to differentiate it from the 2D method that used the F0 onset and offset values only in the present study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acoustic Assessment of Tone Production of Prelingually-Deafened Mandarin-Speaking Children With Cochlear Implants

et al. 2020

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Objective The purpose of the present study was to investigate Mandarin tone production performance of prelingually deafened children with cochlear implants (CIs) using modified acoustic analyses and to evaluate the relationship between demographic factors of those CI children and their tone production ability. Methods Two hundred seventy-eight prelingually deafened children with CIs and 173 age-matched normal-hearing (NH) children participated in the study. Thirty-six monosyllabic Mandarin Chinese words were recorded from each subject. The fundamental frequencies (F0) were extracted from the tone tokens. Two acoustic measures (i.e., differentiability and hit rate) were computed based on the F0 onset and offset values (i.e., the tone ellipses of the two-dimensional [2D] method) or the F0 onset, midpoint, and offset values (i.e., the tone ellipsoids of the 3D method). The correlations between the acoustic measures as well as between the methods were performed. The relationship between demographic factors and acoustic measures were also explored. Results The children with CIs showed significantly poorer performance in tone differentiability and hit rate than the NH children. For both CI and NH groups, performance on the two acoustic measures was highly correlated with each other ( r values: 0.895–0.961). The performance between the two methods (i.e., 2D and 3D methods) was also highly correlated ( r values: 0.774–0.914). Age at implantation and duration of CI use showed a weak correlation with the scores of acoustic measures under both methods. These two factors jointly accounted for 15.4–18.9% of the total variance of tone production performance. Conclusion There were significant deficits in tone production ability in most prelingually deafened children with CIs, even after prolonged use of the devices. The strong correlation between the two methods suggested that the simpler, 2D method seemed to be efficient in acoustic assessment for lexical tones in hearing-impaired children. Age at implantation and especially the duration of CI use were significant, although weak, predictors for tone development in pediatric CI users. Although a large part of tone production ability could not be attributed to these two factors, the results still encourage early implantation and continual CI use for better lexical tone development in Mandarin-speaking pediatric CI users.

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“…There are large differences in pitch direction, height, and slope between Tone 1 and Tone 3. Especially, the difference of pitch height between Tone 1 and Tone 3 is the largest, compared with all other tone pairs (e.g., Peng, 2006;Tupper et al, 2020). This provided an appropriate platform to explore the CL effect on listeners' pitch sensitivity.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effects of Cognitive Load on the Categorical Perception of Mandarin Tones

Yan

Meng

et al. 2021

J Speech Lang Hear Res

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Purpose This study investigated the effect of cognitive load (CL) on the categorical perception (CP) of Mandarin lexical tones to discuss the application of the generalized pulse-skipping hypothesis. This hypothesis assumes that listeners might miss/skip temporal pulses and lose essential speech information due to CL, which consequently affects both the temporal and spectral dimensions of speech perception. Should CL decrease listeners' pitch sensitivity and impair the distinction of tone categories, this study would support the generalized pulse-skipping hypothesis. Method Twenty-four native Mandarin-speaking listeners were recruited to complete a dual-task experiment where they were required to identify or discriminate tone stimuli while concurrently memorizing six Chinese characters or graphic symbols. A no-load condition without a memory recall task was also included as a baseline condition. The position of categorical boundary, identification slope, between- and within-category discrimination, and discrimination peakedness were compared across the three conditions to measure the impact of CL on tone perception. The recall accuracy of Chinese characters and graphic symbols was used to assess the difficulty of memory recall. Results Compared with the no-load condition, both load conditions showed a boundary shift to Tone 3, shallower identification slope, poorer between-category discrimination, and lower discrimination peakedness. Within-category discrimination was negatively affected by CL in the graphic symbol condition only, not in the Chinese character condition. Conclusions CL degraded listeners' sensitivity to subtle fundamental frequency changes and impaired CP of Mandarin lexical tones. This provides support for the generalized pulse-skipping hypothesis. Besides, the involvement of lexical information modulated the effect of CL.

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Characterizing the distinctive acoustic cues of Mandarin tones

Cited by 16 publications

References 44 publications

Preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer evaluated using strain ultrasonic elastography

Preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer evaluated using strain ultrasonic elastography

Acoustic Assessment of Tone Production of Prelingually-Deafened Mandarin-Speaking Children With Cochlear Implants

Effects of Cognitive Load on the Categorical Perception of Mandarin Tones

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