Characterizing the Size Distribution of Silver Nanoparticles Biofabricated Using Calotropis gigantea from Geothermal Zone

Abstract

This research aims to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using an aqueous leaf extract of Calotropis gigantea obtained from the geothermal manifestation Ie Seu-Um, Aceh Besar, Aceh Province, Indonesia. The C. gigantea leaf extract was mixed with AgNO3 solutions at concentrations of 2, 5, and 9 mM, respectively. The mixture was stirred at 80 rpm by a magnetic stirrer for 48 hours in the dark. The change in solution color indicated the reduction of Ag+ to Ag0. The resulting AgNPs synthesized using C. gigantea leaf extract (AgNPs-LCg) exhibited cloudy grey, reddish dark brown, and light brown colors when synthesized with AgNO3 concentrations of 2, 5, and 9 mM, respectively. The particle sizes of AgNPs-LCg had maximum frequencies at 246.98 nm (synthesized using AgNO3 2 mM), 93.02 nm (synthesized using AgNO3 5 mM), and 171.25 nm (synthesized using AgNO3 9 mM). The zeta potential values of AgNPs-LCg using 2, 5, and 9 mM AgNO3 were -41.9, -40.1, and -31.4 mV, respectively. Based on the solution color, nanoparticle size, and stability value of AgNPs, it can be concluded that the use of AgNO3 at 5 mM is optimal for the green synthesis process of AgNPs-LCg.

A Review on Mitochondrial Genome of Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

“…The study of ants and their evolutionary links poses an interesting challenge due to their extensive diversity and ecological adaptations. To tackle this complexity, researchers have turned to mitochondrial DNA as a valuable tool [27,29,41,44,[50][51][52].…”

Optimizing antimicrobial synergy: Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from Calotropis gigantea leaves enhanced by patchouli oil

“…These changes disrupt cell homeostasis, ultimately resulting in the destruction of microbial cells [22]. Various plants have been reported for the synthesis of AgNPs, including Picea abies [23], Zingiber officinale [24], Nigella sativa [24], Plumbago auriculata [25], Hypericum perforatum [26], Syzigyum cymosum [27], Lippia abyssinica [28], Zizyphus mauritiana [29] and Calotropis gigantea [30][31][32][33]. A recent study has shown that coating AgNPs synthesized with water hyacinth (Lablab purpureus) seed extract using patchouli oil (PO) enhances its antibacterial activity against E. coli [34].…”

Antimicrobial Properties of Medicinal Plants in the Lower Area of Ie Seu-um Geothermal Outflow, Indonesia

“…The environmental conditions resulting from hydrothermal alteration around the Ie Seu-um manifestation will impact the biosynthetic pathway of secondary metabolites in these plants. Numerous studies have demonstrated that many secondary metabolites play a role in the plant's adaptation system to its surroundings and exhibit antimicrobial activity [7][8][9].…”