The copper (II) oxide nanofibers (NFs) synthesized with the electrospinning method showed a necklace-like morphology and nanometric size. The use of the XPS (X-ray Photoelectronic Spectroscopy) technique allowed the analysis of the Cu 2p and O 1s orbitals showing a CuxO type stoichiometry (x = 1, 2, 3), in turn, the UPS (Ultraviolet Photoelectronic Spectroscopy) region determined the conduction state associated to the dielectric function. These data are compared with the EELS technique. The NFs have presented a behavior with double magnetic phase associated to the non-stoichiometry and oxygen vacancies, and the non-presence of the AFM phase due to the increase of the vacancies. In addition, their electronic and magnetic structure reveal spin-orbit related changes shown in the Cu 2p spectra. The results showed in the conduction band holes and the Cu 2p and O 1s orbitals.