Charge transport in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>π</mml:mi></mml:math>-conjugated polymers from extraction current transients

Juška, G.; Arlauskas, K.; Viliũnas, M.; Genevičius, K.; Österbacka, Ronald; Stubb, H.

doi:10.1103/physrevb.62.r16235

Cited by 174 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…[87][88][89] The sample geometry and the required energy levels are similar to the one used in TOF technique. However, in contrast to TOF measurements, CELIV technique can be used for relatively thin samples.…”

Section: Carrier Extraction By Linearly Increasing Voltage and Photo-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Techniques for characterization of charge carrier mobility in organic semiconductors

Kokil

Yang

Kumar

2012

J Polym Sci B Polym Phys

152

128

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The charge transport characteristics of organic semiconductors are one of the key attributes that impacts the performance of organic electronic and optoelectronic devices in which they are utilized. For improved performance in organic photovoltaic cells, light-emitting diodes, and field-effect transistors (FETs), efficient transport of the charge carriers within the organic semiconductor is especially critical. Characterization of charge transport in these organic semiconductors is important both from scientific and technological perspectives. In this review, we shall mainly discuss the techniques for measuring the charge carrier mobility and not the theoretical underpinnings of the mechanism of charge transport. Mobility measurements in organic semiconductors and particularly in conjugated polymers, using space-charge-limited current, time of flight, carrier extraction by linearly increasing voltage, double injection, FETs, and impedance spectroscopy are discussed. The relative merits, as well as limitations for each of these techniques are reviewed.

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Section: Carrier Extraction By Linearly Increasing Voltage and Photo-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Techniques for characterization of charge carrier mobility in organic semiconductors

Kokil

Yang

Kumar

2012

J Polym Sci B Polym Phys

152

128

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Using the CELIV method we have investigated various amorphous and microcrystalline hydrogenated silicon and π-conjugated polymers as well as their bulk heterojunction layers [3][4][5]. This method enables one to determine the reason of conductivity dependence on electric field strength and temperature: whether this dependence is caused by mobility or density of charge carriers [3].…”

Section: Methods and Their Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This method enables one to determine the reason of conductivity dependence on electric field strength and temperature: whether this dependence is caused by mobility or density of charge carriers [3]. Also it enables one to compare the reasons of charge carrier mobility dependence on electric field strength: whether it is caused by stochastic transport, by micromobility dependence on electric field strength, or by release probability from trapping levels [6].…”

Section: Methods and Their Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Charge carrier transport and recombination in disordered materials

Juška¹,

Arlauskas²,

Genevičius³

2016

Lith. J. Phys.

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In this brief review the methods for investigation of charge carrier transport and recombination in thin layers of disordered materials and the obtained results are discussed. The method of charge carrier extraction by linearly increasing voltage (CELIV) is useful for the determination of mobility, bulk conductivity and density of equilibrium charge carriers. The extraction of photogenerated charge carriers (photo-CELIV) allows one to independently investigate relaxation of both the mobility and density of photogenerated charge carriers. The extraction of injected charge carriers (i-CELIV) is effective for the independent investigation of transport peculiarities of both injected holes and electrons in bulk heterojunctions. For the investigation of charge carrier recombination we proposed integral time-of-flight (TOF) and double-injection (DI) current transient methods. The methods allowed us to obtain the following significant results: to determine the reason of the conductivity dependence on electric field strength and temperature in the amorphous and microcrystalline hydrogenated silicon and π-conjugated polymers, the time dependent Langevin recombination, the impact of morphology on charge carrier mobility, the reason of reduced Langevin recombination in RR-PHT (regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene))/PCBM (1-(3-methoxycarbonyl)propyl-1phenyl-[6,6]-methanofullerene) bulk heterojunction structures -2D Langevin recombination; and to evaluate that the mobility of holes is predetermined by off-diagonal dispersion in poly-PbO.

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“…Figure 5a shows the effect of an increased Ms due to SH while maintaining a constant quantity of SS, while in Fig. 5b [43], in the sense that when it is much larger that the Si or Al ionic radius, the ions can be considered as point charges with reduced interaction, while if it is in the same range with the ionic radius then this can allow for stronger ion-ion interactions. Thus, the initial reduction in the alkalinity from 5.6 to 3.1% would in turn reduce the Na ionic atmosphere and improve the Al and Si interaction, allowing less interference in the creation of bonds within the aluminosilicate gel framework and increasing the degree of connectivity.…”

Section: Stage Ii: Influence Of Alkali-activator Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of waste glass on alkali-activated tungsten mining waste: composition and mechanical properties

Kastiukas

Zhou

2017

Mater Struct

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Increasingly more research is being directed towards the valorisation of waste materials as precursors for synthesising alkali-activated binders (AABs). For this study, varying blends of tungsten mining waste (TMW) and waste glass (WG) are activated using a combined sodium hydroxide (SH) and sodium silicate (SS) alkali solution. The activating solution itself is also varied with respect to the quantities of SS and SH to determine their effect on reactant formation and mechanical strength of TMWbased AABs. The results show that an increased WG content can effectively provide an additional source of reactive silica, contribute to the formation of (C, N)-A-S-H gel products and thus significantly improve the mechanical strength. High strength TMW-WG AABs were attributed to a faster TMW dissolution rate and dense microstructure. Such structures were characteristic of formulations with low alkali modulus (SiO 2 / Na 2 O \ 2) combined with a SS/SH weight ratio of 2.8. For the latter, not only was a characteristic slower strength development with increasing alkali content observed, but there was also a limit of alkali metal concentration (Na 2 O * 3.1%) beyond which the strength deteriorated. Furthermore, SEM micrographs disclose that unreacted particles of WG reinforced the matrix by acting as a filler.

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Charge transport inπ-conjugated polymers from extraction current transients

Cited by 174 publications

References 7 publications

Techniques for characterization of charge carrier mobility in organic semiconductors

Techniques for characterization of charge carrier mobility in organic semiconductors

Charge carrier transport and recombination in disordered materials

Effects of waste glass on alkali-activated tungsten mining waste: composition and mechanical properties

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