Charged Hadron Multiplicity Distribution at Relativistic Heavy-Ion Colliders

Abstract

The present article reviews facts and problems concerning charge hadron production in high energy collisions. Main emphasis is laid on the qualitative and quantitative description of general characteristics and properties observed for charged hadrons produced in such high energy collisions. Various features of available experimental data e.g., the variations of charged hadron multiplicity and pseudo-rapidity density with the mass number of colliding nuclei, center-of-mass energies and the collision centrality obtained from heavy-ion collider experiments are interpreted in the context of various theoretical concepts and their implications. Finally, several important scaling features observed in the measurements mainly at RHIC and LHC experiments are highlighted in the view of these models to draw some insight regarding the particle production mechanism in heavy-ion collisions.

Description of high-energyppcollisions using Tsallis thermodynamics: Transverse momentum and rapidity distributions

“…A systematic analysis performed in Ref. [27] shows that color-glass-condensate (CGC) approaches give a good description of the results at the central region but fail to reproduce the data at large values of |y|. Here we use a model for describing the rapidity distribution in pp collision using the non-extensive distribution.…”

Study of charged particle production in U-U collisions in the wounded quark model

“…In recent publications [38,39,45], we have proposed a parametrization for the pseudorapidity distribution (dn ch /dη) of charged hadrons produced in p-p collisions based on the multiparton exchange as considered in additive quark model (AQM) [50][51][52]. The basic theme of our model can be described in three points : (1) One, two or three gluons have been exchanged between a quark of the first nucleus or hadron with the quarks belonging to the other nucleus or hadron.…”

“…We have shown in our earlier publications that this phenomenological model can describes the multiplicity distribution data simultaneously for various types of symmetric and asymmetric collisions at all the centralities ranging for most-peripheral to most-central [38,39,45]. Thus, it is worthwhile to investigate whether a wounded quark approach can…”

“…Here, we have extended our modified version of WQM [38,39,45,[47][48][49] with minimal number of parameters to explain and predict the charged hadron distributions with various controlling parameters in deformed U-U collisions for each centrality at a colliding energy of 193…”