“…The rest of the localities-Santo Domingo, Puerto Rico, Havana, Margarita, Riohacha, Cumaná, Honduras, and Guatemala-received a negligible number of licenses, but were actually enmeshed in an intricate weave of both real and simulated arribadas forzosas that brought hundreds of enslaved Africans to their shores and linked them to the wider transatlantic slave trade (Wolff, 2022, pp. 115-151;Eagle, 2014Eagle, , 2018Lokken, 2013Lokken, , 2020Castillo Palma, 2016;Domínguez, 2021). Santo Domingo, for example, registered 55 arribadas between January 1585 and August 1593, 12 of these transporting slaves (Eagle, 2018, p. 132).…”