Checklist, diversity and biogeography of ciliates (Ciliophora) from Chile

Campello-Nunes, Pedro H.; Woelfl, Stefan; Silva‐Neto, Inácio Domingos da; Paiva, Thiago S.; Fernández, Leonardo

doi:10.1016/j.ejop.2022.125892

Cited by 13 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Villagrán and Hinojosa 1997; Samaniego and Marquet 2009; Moreno et al 2021) and microorganisms (i.e. protists; Fernández et al 2016; Campello-Nunes et al 2022) also exhibit a bell-shaped latitudinal diversity gradient in Chile. This finding suggests that millipede species richness covaries latitudinally with that of other Chilean taxa.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many of the species with narrow ranges accumulate in central Chile, contributing to the diversity peak we observed in mid-latitudes. This area is a known hotspot of diversity and endemism (Arroyo et al 2004; Fernández 2010; Fernández et al 2015; Campello-Nunes et al 2022). Many of these organisms are threatened by habitat fragmentation and other human activities (Arroyo et al 2004; Fernández et al 2009) and possibly millipedes are no exception.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We used three complementary approaches to investigate the state of knowledge of Chilean millipedes following Fernández et al (2015) and Campello et al (2022).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Driven by these historical contingencies many northern and southern mesophile taxa became extinct or migrated to the temperate climate of central Chile, where they subsequently diversified (Villagrán and Hinojosa 1997). Today, the diversity of most taxa peaks in mid-latitudes and then decreases towards low and high latitudes (Villagrán and Hinojosa 1997; Samaniego and Marquet 2009; Fernández et al 2015; Moreno et al 2021; Campello-Nunes et al 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To the north Chile is bordered by the Atacama Desert, to the east by the Andes Mountains, to the west by the Pacific Ocean and to the south by the end of the South American continent (Figs 1a-b). The Chilean biota therefore evolved practically in isolation and today Chile is a well-known hotspot of biodiversity and endemism for macro- and microscopic organisms (Arroyo et al 2004; Fernández et al 2015; Campello-Nunes et al 2022), including millipedes (Parra-Gómez submitted).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Filling gaps on the diversity and biogeography of Chilean millipedes (Myriapoda: Diplopoda)

Parra-Gómez

Fernández

2022

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Research on the diversity and biogeography of Chilean millipedes (Diplopoda) represents a severe gap in knowledge. To reduce this gap we conducted a study to: (1) investigate the state of knowledge of millipede diversity, and (2) assess the pattern and causes underlying the latitudinal diversity gradient in Chilean millipedes. After combining the number of described species with those that have not yet been formally described, we concluded that there are 95 native millipede species in Chile. A diversity estimate suggested that in the future this number could increase to 125 or 197 species. However, this estimate is based on limited data. Therefore, the number of millipede species inhabiting Chile probably exceeds our estimate. Consistently, rarefaction-extrapolation curves revealed that we have not yet recorded a substantial fraction of millipede diversity and that increased sampling effort will reveal the presence of a greater number of millipede species in Chile. Most millipede species exhibited narrow geographic ranges in Chile. The north-south distribution of their species richness followed a bell-shaped latitudinal gradient of diversity, i.e. diversity peaked at the temperate climate of central Chile and then decreases towards the arid and polar climates of northern and southern Chile, respectively. The causes underlying this biogeographical pattern were water availability, ambient energy input and climate stability. This finding provided support for two of the five biogeographic hypotheses we tested: water-energy balance and climate stability. Thus, Chilean millipedes were more diverse at sites that exhibit warm and humid (temperate) climates for much of the year.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We used three complementary approaches to investigate the state of knowledge of Chilean millipedes following Fernández et al (2015) and Campello et al (2022).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Filling gaps on the diversity and biogeography of Chilean millipedes (Myriapoda: Diplopoda)

Parra-Gómez

Fernández

2022

Preprint

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On four epibiotic peritrichous ciliates (Protozoa, Ciliophora) found in Lake Weishan Wetland: morphological and molecular data support the establishment of a new genus, Parapiosoma gen. nov., and two new species

Wu,

Cheng,

Cao

et al. 2023

Mar Life Sci Technol

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During a study on the diversity of ciliated protists in Lake Weishan Wetland, the largest wetland in northern China, four epibiotic sessilid peritrichs were isolated from aquatic host animals. Two of them, i.e., Epistylis cambari Kellicott, 1885 and Epistylis lwoffi Fauré-Fremiet, 1943, were known species whereas the other two, i.e., Parapiosoma typicum gen. nov., sp. nov. and Orborhabdostyla gracilis sp. nov., are new to science. The new genus Parapiosoma gen. nov. is characterized by its branched non-contractile stalk, everted peristomial lip, obconical macronucleus and transverse silverlines. Two species are assigned to the new genus, namely Parapiosoma typicum sp. nov. and Parapiosoma gasterostei (Fauré-Fremiet, 1905) comb. nov. Morphologically, P. typicum sp. nov. is recognized by its goblet-shaped zooids, single-layered peristomial lip, dichotomously branched stalk, and infundibular polykinety 3 (P3) containing three equal-length rows. Orborhabdostyla gracilis sp. nov. is characterized by its slender zooid, curved macronucleus, and three equal-length rows in infundibular P3. Improved diagnoses and redescriptions of E. cambari and E. lwoffi are provided including, for the first time, data on the ciliature of E. cambari. Phylogenetic analyses based on SSU rDNA, ITS1-5.8S rDNA -ITS2, and LSU rDNA sequence data strongly support the assertion that the family Epistylididae comprises morphospecies with different evolutionary lineages and indicate that Parapiosoma gen. nov. may represent a new taxon at family level.

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