Checklist for studies of HIV drug resistance prevalence or incidence: rationale and recommended use

Mbuagbaw, Lawrence; Garcia, Cristian; Brenner, Bluma; Cecchini, Diego; Chakroun, Mohamed; Djiadeu, Pascal; Holguin, Africa; Mor, Orna; Parkin, Neil; Santoro, Maria M; Ávila-Ríos, Santiago; Fokam, Joseph; Phillips, Andrew; Shafer, Robert W; Jordan, Michael R

doi:10.1016/s2352-3018(23)00173-x

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…This guidance documentation also details how to report each item and is now available as a website format including French, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish and Chinese translations. 9 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 23 24 The published reporting guidance document itself is the product of this integration. 9 The document covers a series of recommended reporting items with brief explanations of each item and examples, and illustrates how the two data strands complement each other to form a comprehensive and cohesive guideline document. A second more minor form of integration occurred called ‘development’, where the results of one method inform the data collection of the other method.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 3 8 We recently published a guidance document that contained both a checklist of reporting items that should be included in reports of HIV drug resistance incidence and prevalence, along with item-specific rationale and examples of proper use. 9 The objectives of this study were to describe how we identified the checklist items and their accompanying rationale and examples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Developing a reporting item checklist for studies of HIV drug resistance prevalence or incidence: a mixed methods study

Garcia,

Holbrook,

Djiadeu

et al. 2024

BMJ Open

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BackgroundAdequate surveillance of HIV drug resistance prevalence is challenged by heterogenous and inadequate data reporting. To address this issue, we recently published reporting guidance documentation for studies of HIV drug resistance prevalence and incidence.ObjectivesIn this study, we describe the methods used to develop this reporting guidance.DesignWe used a mixed-methods sequential explanatory design involving authors and users of studies of HIV drug resistance prevalence. In the quantitative phase, we conducted a cross-sectional electronic survey (n=51). Survey participants rated various reporting items on whether they are essential to report. Validity ratios were computed to determine the items to discuss in the qualitative phase. In the qualitative phase, two focus group discussions (n=9 in total) discussed this draft item checklist, providing a justification and examples for each item. We conducted a descriptive qualitative analysis of the group discussions to identify emergent themes regarding the qualities of an essential reporting item.ResultsWe identified 38 potential reporting items that better characterise the study participants, improve the interpretability of study results and clarify the methods used for HIV resistance testing. These items were synthesised to create the reporting item checklist. Qualitative insights formed the basis of the explanation, elaboration, and rationale components of the guidance document.ConclusionsWe generated a list of reporting items for studies on the incidence or prevalence of HIV drug resistance along with an explanation of why researchers believe these items are important. Mixed methods allowed for the simultaneous generation and integration of the item list and qualitative insights. The integrated findings were then further developed to become the subsequently published reporting guidance.

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“…This guidance documentation also details how to report each item and is now available as a website format including French, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish and Chinese translations. 9 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Developing a reporting item checklist for studies of HIV drug resistance prevalence or incidence: a mixed methods study

Garcia,

Holbrook,

Djiadeu

et al. 2024

BMJ Open

Self Cite

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“…These findings could have implications for first-line regimen selection in ART-naive adolescents and for use of cabotegravir-rilpivirine long-acting treatment. Surveillance of TDR following expert recommendations 43 is highly relevant for clinical practice, for the possible emergence of new resistance events that may reduce the efficacy of first ART.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmitted Drug Resistance and HIV Diversity Among Adolescents Newly Diagnosed With HIV in Spain

Epalza,

Valadés-Alcaraz,

González-Alba

et al. 2023

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

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Background: Virological characterization of newly HIV-diagnosed adolescents could help to improve their specific needs. The objective was to describe the transmitted drug resistance mutations (TDR) and its transmission by clusters in this population in Spain. Methods: TDR to retrotranscriptase and protease inhibitors included in the WHO TDR list 2009 implemented in the Calibrated Population Resistance tool v8.0 (Stanford) were studied in HIV pol sequences from all HIV-diagnosed adolescents (12–19-year-old) enrolled during 2004–2019 period in the Spanish pediatric and adult (CoRISpe-CoRIS) cohorts. The found TDR were compared with the provided by the Stanford algorithm v9.0 2021. HIV-1 variants and transmission clusters were also studied. Results: Among 410 HIV-1 adolescents diagnosed, 141 (34.4%) had available ART-naive sequences. They were mostly male (81.6%), Spanish (55.3%) and with behavioral risk (92.2%), mainly male-to-male sexual contact (63.1%). TDR prevalence was significantly higher by Stanford versus WHO list (18.4% vs. 7.1%; P = 0.004). The most prevalent TDR by the WHO list was K103N (3.6%) and by Stanford E138A (6.6%), both at retrotranscriptase. E138A, related to rilpivirine/etravirine resistance, was absent in the WHO list. One in 4 adolescents carried HIV-1 non-B variants. We described 5 transmission clusters, and 2 carried TDR mutations. Conclusions: Our data suggest a high TDR prevalence in adolescents with a new HIV diagnosis in Spain, similar to adults, 2 active TDR transmission clusters, and the need for the WHO TDR list update. These findings could have implications for the options of the recently available rilpivirine-related long-acting treatment and in first-line regimen election.

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“…SPHCC is the unique designated hospital that receives and treats PLWH in Shanghai and from surrounding regions. The investigation was performed according to the WHO surveillance guidelines for the pretreatment of HIV drug resistance and the CEDRIC-HIV guidelines [ 19 ]. After excluding 3909 PLWH under ART, with sequencing failure, and/or lack of medical records, 5050 PLWH not on ART were included.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and transmission of pretreatment drug resistance in people living with HIV-1 in Shanghai China, 2017–2021

Zhang,

Ma,

Wang

et al. 2024

Virulence

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Checklist for studies of HIV drug resistance prevalence or incidence: rationale and recommended use

Cited by 5 publications

References 37 publications

Developing a reporting item checklist for studies of HIV drug resistance prevalence or incidence: a mixed methods study

Developing a reporting item checklist for studies of HIV drug resistance prevalence or incidence: a mixed methods study

Transmitted Drug Resistance and HIV Diversity Among Adolescents Newly Diagnosed With HIV in Spain

Prevalence and transmission of pretreatment drug resistance in people living with HIV-1 in Shanghai China, 2017–2021

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