Chemical Analyses of Palm Kernel Oil-Based Polyurethane Prepolymer

Wong, Chee Sien; Badri, Khairiah Haji

doi:10.4236/msa.2012.32012

Cited by 83 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Band at 1720 cm -1 in water and Tris buffer diminishes in HEPES and phosphate buffer. This band corresponds to nonhydrogen bonded carbonyl carbamate of Fmoc group, 53 and suggests the involvement of it in hydrogen bonding interaction leading to self-assembly and gelation. 54 Another change was observed in the band between 1200-1300 cm -1 which might be due to C-O or C-N stretching.…”

Section: Effect Of Ph and Buffermentioning

confidence: 95%

Understanding the self-assembly of Fmoc–phenylalanine to hydrogel formation

et al. 2015

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Hydrogels of low molecular weight molecules are important in biomedical applications. Multiple factors are responsible for hydrogel formation, but their role in governing self-assembly to hydrogel formation is poorly understood. Herein, we report the hydrogel formation of fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl phenylalanine (FmocF) molecule. We used physical and thermal stimuli for solubilizing FmocF above the critical concentration to induce gel formation. The key role of Fmoc, Fmoc and phenylalanine covalent linkage, flexibility of phe side chain, pH, and buffer ions in self-assembly of FmocF to gel formation is described. We found that the collective action of different non-covalent interactions play a role in making FmocF hydrogel. Using powder diffraction and infrared spectroscopy, we also report a new polymorphic form of FmocF after transitioning to hydrogel. In addition, we are proposing a model for drug release from FmocF hydrogel.

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Section: Effect Of Ph and Buffermentioning

confidence: 95%

Understanding the self-assembly of Fmoc–phenylalanine to hydrogel formation

et al. 2015

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“…MCO1 and MCO2 show increase in this band intensity (Figure 3b), which is related to hydroxyl value increasing after modification. Other characteristic absorption bands are observed at 2920 cm -1 (methyl), 2850 cm -1 (methylene), 1740 cm -1 (esters) and 1161 cm -1 (C-O-C) [23][24][25][26]. Figure 4 compares the FTIR spectra of PU-CO, PU-MCO1 and PU-MCO2.…”

Section: Scanning Electron Microscopy (Sem)mentioning

confidence: 98%

Bio-based polyurethane prepared from Kraft lignin and modified castor oil

Tavares¹,

Boas²,

Schleder³

et al. 2016

Express Polym. Lett.

118

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Abstract. Current challenges highlight the need for polymer research using renewable natural sources as a substitute for petroleum-based polymers. The use of polyols obtained from renewable sources combined with the reuse of industrial residues such as lignin is an important agent in this process. Different compositions of polyurethane-type materials were prepared by combining technical Kraft lignin (TKL) with castor oil (CO) or modified castor oil (MCO1 and MCO2) to increase their reactivity towards diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI). The results indicate that lignin increases the glass transition temperature, the crosslinking density and improves the ultimate stress especially for those prepared from MCO2 and 30% lignin content from 8.2 MPa (lignin free) to 23.5 MPa. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs of rupture surface after uniaxial tensile tests show ductile-to-brittle transition. The results show the possibility to develop polyurethane-type materials, varying technical grade Kraft lignin content, which cover a wide range of mechanical properties (from large elastic/low Young modulus to brittle/high Young modulus polyurethanes).

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“…prepolymerization, single step polymerization, and quasiprepolymer technique [23]. Single step polymerization can be carried out by mixing diisocyanate and catalyst with polyol, producing a thin layer of polymer [24].…”

Section: A Preparation Of Biopolymermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MDI was then added to form urethane prepolymer [23]. 2.1 g of PEG was added followed by agitation at 200 rpm for one hour at room temperature.…”

Section: B Preparation Of Biopolymermentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Method for Heavy Metals and Aluminium Detection Using Biopolymer-Based Optical Biosensor

Wong

2015

IEEE Sensors J.

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A biopolymer-based biosensor for heavy metals and aluminium (Al) detection was constructed with naturally occurring β-carotene in palm kernel oil used as the biological reporter. The biosensor was designed with β-carotene entrapped by polyurethane, a polymer formed through prepolymerization of palm kernel oil. The presence of copper (Cu), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), and Al was detected through the emulsification of β-carotene, which caused the change of optical density (OD) at λ = 450 nm. The results showed the OD increased with the presence of heavy metals and Al within 0.1-10 mg/L. The biosensor was constructed without extra steps to immobilize the biological component and it was simple to use with one-step detection. Together with high reproducibility and fast response to heavy metals and Al within 15 min, the biosensor showed good potential to be developed as a method to detect the presence of heavy metals and Al.Index Terms-Chemical and biological sensor, β-carotene, heavy metals, spectrophotometry.

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Chemical Analyses of Palm Kernel Oil-Based Polyurethane Prepolymer

Cited by 83 publications

References 6 publications

Understanding the self-assembly of Fmoc–phenylalanine to hydrogel formation

Understanding the self-assembly of Fmoc–phenylalanine to hydrogel formation

Bio-based polyurethane prepared from Kraft lignin and modified castor oil

A New Method for Heavy Metals and Aluminium Detection Using Biopolymer-Based Optical Biosensor

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