Chemical analysis of argon-oxygen decarburization slags in stainless steelmaking process by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry

Jung, Seung Boo; Sohn, Il; Min, Dong Joon

doi:10.1002/xrs.1268

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The AOD process refines the molten metal through decarburization, reduction, and desulfurization. This process results in a slag that is typically very high in calcium and silicon and may contain more fluorine and chromium than EAF and BOF slags [19].…”

Section: Steelmaking Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The chemical composition of SFS is typically assessed by X-ray fluorescence (XRF), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), or a combination thereof [19,[261][262][263][264][265][266]. Typically, these data are represented in the oxide form, as shown in Table 1.…”

Section: Chemical and Mineralogical Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of the Influence of Steel Furnace Slag Type on the Properties of Cementitious Composites

Brand

Fanijo

2020

Applied Sciences

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The type of steel furnace slag (SFS), including electric arc furnace (EAF) slag, basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag, ladle metallurgy furnace (LMF) slag, and argon oxygen decarburization (AOD) slag, can significantly affect the composite properties when used as an aggregate or as a supplementary cementitious material in bound applications, such as concretes, mortars, alkali-activated materials, and stabilized soils. This review seeks to collate the findings from the literature to express the variability in material properties and to attempt to explain the source(s) of the variability. It was found that SFS composition and properties can be highly variable, including different compositions on the exterior and interior of a given SFS particle, which can affect bonding conditions and be one source of variability on composite properties. A suite of tests is proposed to better assess a given SFS stock for potential use in bound applications; at a minimum, the SFS should be evaluated for free CaO content, expansion potential, mineralogical composition, cementitious composite mechanical properties, and chemical composition with secondary tests, including cementitious composite durability properties, microstructural characterization, and free MgO content.

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Section: Steelmaking Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Chemical and Mineralogical Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Influence of Steel Furnace Slag Type on the Properties of Cementitious Composites

Brand

Fanijo

2020

Applied Sciences

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“…In that context, it appears noteworthy that Jung prepared pressed pellets from powder with less than 10 µm particle diameters. Jung and co‐authors improved their WD‐XRF analyses of fluorine by synthetic matrix matched calibration standards in 2010. Tarsoly and co‐authors used a specifically designed total reflection XRF spectrometer equipped with a silicon drift detector for the determination of fluorine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

X‐ray‐induced alteration of specimens as crucial obstacle in XRF spectrometry of fluorine in rocks and soils

Pleßow

2012

X-Ray Spectrometry

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Occasionally suggested yet rarely performed X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry of fluorine seems to fail systematically in yielding reliable quantitative results for rocks and soils. Repeated analyses reveal continuously drifting fluorescence intensities for fluorine, boron and chlorine. Typically, an increase, but in few cases also a decrease, over X-ray exposure time is observed. For instance, fluorine concentrations in a soil standard appear to increase steadily from below the detection limit in the first run to nearly 850 mg/kg F more than 10 h later in the last. In contrast, cryolite is characterised by drastically decreasing intensities for fluorine. Although fluorescence intensities may be affected by preparation methods, specimen surface conditions and dynamic contamination, it is shown that none of these influencing factors is responsible for the observed trends. In fact, there is evidence that X-radiation impact mobilises fluorine, boron and chlorine. Diffusion of radiolysis products towards the specimen's surface as well as the kinetics of adsorption and desorption or chemical reactions are believed to control the analyte concentration in the analysed layer decisively. Furthermore, during analysis, the latter is altered by considerable losses of binder or fluxif applicable thus enhancing XRF intensities of boron and fluorine because of reduced absorption. In any case, signal stability appears to be limited by insufficient sample and specimen stability. It is concluded that for many soil and rock samples, XRF spectrometry is inappropriate to quantify fluorine, although the crucial obstacle is neither the analytical method nor the spectrometer sensu strictu.

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“…Moreover, unlike glass beads, powder pellets are suitable for the analysis of reductive samples containing organics and metals (e.g. fly ash, slags, scrap printed circuit board ash, and cosmetic powders). The following is an example of the preparation of a powder pellet sample.…”

Section: Powder Pelletsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Approaches to solid sample preparation based on analytical depth for reliable X‐ray fluorescence analysis

Ichikawa

Nakamura

2016

X-Ray Spectrometry

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In this paper, we discuss approaches to prepare solid samples for X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF). Although XRF can be used to analyze major and minor elements in various solid samples including powders and grains without dissolution techniques, to obtain reliable XRF results, the prepared sample must meet certain criteria related to homogeneity, particle size, flatness, and thickness. The conditions are defined by the analytical depth of fluorescent X-rays from analytes, and the analytical depth can be estimated from the X-ray absorption related to the energy of each X-ray and the composition and density of the sample. For example, when the sample flatness and particle size are less than the analytical depth and the sample possesses homogeneity within a depth less than the analytical depth, the XRF results are representative of the entire sample. Furthermore, an appropriate sample thickness that is larger than the analytical depth or constant can prevent changes in fluorescent X-ray intensity with variations in sample thickness. To obtain accurate and reproducible measurements, inhomogeneous solid samples must be pulverized, homogenized, and prepared as loose powder, powder pellets, or glass beads. This paper explains the approaches used to prepare solid samples for XRF analysis based on the analytical depths of fluorescent X-rays.

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Chemical analysis of argon-oxygen decarburization slags in stainless steelmaking process by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry

Cited by 9 publications

References 10 publications

A Review of the Influence of Steel Furnace Slag Type on the Properties of Cementitious Composites

A Review of the Influence of Steel Furnace Slag Type on the Properties of Cementitious Composites

X‐ray‐induced alteration of specimens as crucial obstacle in XRF spectrometry of fluorine in rocks and soils

Approaches to solid sample preparation based on analytical depth for reliable X‐ray fluorescence analysis

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