Chemical Analysis of Defense Secretions of Sipyloidea sipylus and Their Potential Use as Repellents Against Rats

Bouchard, Patrice; Hsiung, Chia-Chi; Yaylayan, V.A.

doi:10.1023/b:joec.0000006488.58081.66

Cited by 25 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Benzyl alcohol was reported from the exocrine secretion of larvae of Chrysomela lapponica when feeding on Salix (Hilker and Schulz 1994), and also from the secretion of the dorsal abdominal scent gland of some larval pentatomids (Aldrich 1988). Benzothiazole is present in the defensive secretion of Sipyloidea sipylus (Phasmatodea; Bouchard et al 1997). Both benzyl alcohol and benzothiazole had significant deterrent effects on ants in our behavioural experiments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…Both benzyl alcohol and benzothiazole had significant deterrent effects on ants in our behavioural experiments. The defensive secretion of S. sipylus, additionally containing diethyl ether, acetic acid, benzaldehyde and limonene, showed also potential as a repellent against Rattus norwegicus (Bouchard et al 1997). Benzaldehyde was furthermore found in the pygidial glands of some carabid species, in the secretion of several chrysomelid larvae and in a few species of Hymenoptera (Blum 1969(Blum , 1981.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

First insights into the chemical defensive system of the erotylid beetle, Tritoma bipustulata

Drilling

Dettner

2010

Chemoecology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The present study provides the first insights into the chemical defensive system of the erotylid beetle, Tritoma bipustulata, and furthermore reports the previously hardly known ability of abdominal reflex bleeding in this coleopteran family. The defensive chemistry of the secretion of pronotal glands, abdominal reflex blood as well as of the haemolymph were analysed by GC-MS. The different secretions were dominated by aromatic compounds; in addition, we detected alkenes, ketones, organic acids as well as a single sesquiterpene. The majority of these detected compounds had strong antimicrobial properties in microbiological assays with entomopathogenic micro-organisms. In feeding bioassays with ants, only benzyl alcohol, benzothiazole, indole and 3-methylindole, detected in the abdominal reflex blood, were significantly deterrent.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First insights into the chemical defensive system of the erotylid beetle, Tritoma bipustulata

Drilling

Dettner

2010

Chemoecology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The structure of the defense compound from the walking stick Anisomorpha buprestoides was reported by Meinwald et al (1962) as a monoterpene dialdehyde. A chemical analysis of the defense secretion of the phasmatidae Sipyloidea sipylus was undertaken by Bouchard et al (1997). They found diethyl ether, acetic acid, benzaldehyde, limonene, and benzothiazole in the mixture, the components being very different from that released by Agathemera elegans.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

4-Methyl-1-hepten-3-one, the Defensive Compound from Agathemera elegans (Philippi) (Phasmatidae) Insecta

Schmeda‐Hirschmann

2006

Zeitschrift Für Naturforschung C

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Insects of the genus Agathemera (Phasmatidae) live in the Chilean Andes over 1500 m above sea level. On disturbing, the insects release a spray that can cause temporary blindness in humans. Very little is known on the composition of chemicals used for defense by South American phasmids. Here we show that both female and male defensive secretion of Agathemera elegans is made up of 4-methyl-1-hepten-3-one. The compound is reported for the first time as a natural product.

show abstract

“…In species displaying chemical defense, the paired defense glands produce the defense fluid from a secretory epithelium lining the inner gland muscle layers (Happ et al, 1966;Strong, 1975;Eisner et al, 1997). The defense secretions have been studied for the biochemical components in detail in different species of stick insects (e.g., Meinwald et al, 1962;Smith et al, 1979;Chow and Lin, 1986;Ho and Chow, 1993;Bouchard et al, 1997;Eisner et al, 1997;Dossey et al, 2006Dossey et al, , 2008Schmeda-Hirschmann, 2006;summarized in Dettner, 2015). In Anisomorpha species, the principle component of the defense spray is anisomorphal, a monoterpene dialdehyde (Meinwald et al, 1962) which occurs in three diastereomers in Anisomorpha buprestoides (Dossey et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the importance of chemical defense secretion for the survival of stick insects has been shown in behavioral assays as an effective mechanism against predators for several species (Eisner, 1965;Carlberg, 1981Carlberg, , 1985bCarlberg, ,c, 1986aCarlberg, , 1987Bouchard et al, 1997;Dossey et al, 2012; but see Nentwig, 1990). The defense glands can be employed in defense against predators like birds or rodents by secreting or spraying a repellent or irritating fluid, or by releasing an odor (Eisner, 1965;Bedford, 1978;Carlberg, 1986a;Eisner et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Identified Neurons and Peripheral Nerves Innervating the Prothoracic Defense Glands in Stick Insects Reveal Evolutionary Conserved and Novel Elements of a Chemical Defense System

Strauß

Bredow

et al. 2017

Front. Ecol. Evol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The defense glands in the dorsal prothorax are an important autapomorphic trait of stick insects (Phasmatodea). Here, we study the functional anatomy and neuronal innervation of the defense glands in Anisomorpha paromalus (Westwood, 1859) (Pseudophasmatinae), a species which sprays its defense secretions when disturbed or attacked. We use a neuroanatomical approach to identify the nerves innervating the gland muscles and the motoneurons with axons in the different nerves. The defense gland is innervated by nerves originating from two segments, the subesophageal ganglion (SOG), and the prothoracic ganglion. Axonal tracing confirms the gland innervation via the anterior subesophageal nerve, and two intersegmental nerves, the posterior subesophageal nerve, and the anterior prothoracic nerve. Axonal tracing of individual nerves reveals eight identified neuron types in the subesophageal or prothoracic ganglion. The strongest innervating nerve of the gland is the anterior subesophageal nerve, which also supplies dorsal longitudinal thorax muscles (neck muscles) by separate nerve branches. Tracing of individual nerve branches reveals different sets of motoneurons innervating the defense gland (one ipsilateral and one contralateral subesophageal neuron) or the neck muscle (ventral median neurons). The ipsilateral and contralateral subesophageal neurons have no homologs in related taxa like locusts and crickets, and thus evolved within stick insects with the differentiation of the defense glands. The overall innervation pattern suggests that the longitudinal gland muscles derived from dorsal longitudinal neck muscles. In sum, the innervating nerves for dorsal longitudinal muscles are conserved in stick insects, while the neuronal control system was specialized with conserved motoneurons for the persisting neck muscles, and evolutionarily novel subesophageal and prothoracic motoneurons innervating the defense gland.

show abstract

Chemical Analysis of Defense Secretions of Sipyloidea sipylus and Their Potential Use as Repellents Against Rats

Cited by 25 publications

References 12 publications

First insights into the chemical defensive system of the erotylid beetle, Tritoma bipustulata

First insights into the chemical defensive system of the erotylid beetle, Tritoma bipustulata

4-Methyl-1-hepten-3-one, the Defensive Compound from Agathemera elegans (Philippi) (Phasmatidae) Insecta

Multiple Identified Neurons and Peripheral Nerves Innervating the Prothoracic Defense Glands in Stick Insects Reveal Evolutionary Conserved and Novel Elements of a Chemical Defense System

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About