Chemical and antioxidant evaluation of Indian gooseberry (emblica officinalis gaertn., syn. phyllanthus emblica L.) supplements

Abstract

Indian gooseberry (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.) (Euphorbiaceae) has a distinguished history in Ayurveda medicine and is ascribed a number of medicinal properties and as a dietary supplement, its use is increasing in Western countries. It is thought that its beneficial properties are a function of its antioxidant potency. The study investigated the chemistry and antioxidant properties of four commercial E. officinalis fruit extracts in order to determine if there are any qualitative-quantitative differences. All extracts produced positive responses in the total phenol, total flavonoid and total tannin assays. The presence of predominantly (poly)phenolic analytes, e.g. ellagic and gallic acids and corilagin, was confirmed by RP-HPLC coupled with photodiode array detection. Despite ascorbic acid being a major constituent of E. officinalis fruits, the furanolactone could not be identified in one of the samples. The extracts demonstrated varying degrees of antioxidative efficacy. The extract designated IG-3 was consistently amongst the most effective extracts in the iron(III) reduction and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and superoxide anion radical scavenging assays while the extract designated IG-1 demonstrated the best hydroxyl radical scavenging activity. All extracts appeared to be incapable of chelating iron(II) at realistic concentrations.

Antioxidant activities and bioactive components in some berries

“…This may be useful in the production of functional foods containing an efficacious dose of anthocyanins [2]. The presence of predominantly phenolic compounds (ellagic and gallic acids, and corilagin) demonstrated varying degrees of antioxidative efficacy [3]. Cranberries with high content of polyphenols have been associated with several cardiovascular health benefits [4].…”

Food Supplement for Therapy of HCV

“…This mean that the used of mixture herbal medicine Milk Thistle, Phyllanthus, Garlic, Cinnamon, parsley, Black seed and AKHY-J-25 (mixture of herbs), has therapeutic effect on hepatitis C virus lifecycle [12], antioxidant [13], anti-liver cancer [14], immunomodulator [15], Diuretic effect [16], anti-cancer [17], and it contains more than 400 Flavenoids, respectively which are proficient in inhibiting the HCV replication rate and its side effects with no side effect of drugs for 3 months to 2 years.…”

“…The Milk Thistle has therapeutic effect on hepatitis C virus lifecycle [12], Phyllanthus act as antioxidant [13], Garlic anti-liver cancer [14], Cinnamon act as immune-modulator [15], Parsley has diuretic effect [16], Black seed act as anti-cancer [17] and AKHY-J-25 (mixture of herbs), containing more than 400 Flavenoids, in addition to protein, carbohydrate and fat.…”

“…The popular herbal supplement used in different centers all over the world as immuno-modulator and powerful antioxidants including, Milk Thistle which has therapeutic effect on hepatitis C virus lifecycle [12], Phyllanthus act as antioxidant [13], Garlic has anti-liver cancer [14], Cinnamon, has immuno-modulator [15], parsley, has Diuretic effect [16] and Black seed has anti-cancer [17].…”

Phytochemistry, pharmacology and medicinal properties of Phyllanthus emblica Linn.

“…Phytochemicals from P. emblica are also reported as good metal ion chelator as it can prevent the oxidative cascades. (44)(45)(46)(47) Laxative Effect…”