Chemical and Biological Assessment of Ziziphus jujuba (Jujubes) Fruit from China of Different Geographical Sources and Developmental Stages: Chemical Composition and Possible Targets in Developing Health Food Products

Chen, Jianping; Lam, Candy; Li, Zhonggui; Yao, Ping; Lin, Huangquan; Tsim, Karl Wah Keung

doi:10.1201/b20025-8

Cited by 7 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Before NMR analysis and cell treatment, the water extracts of jujube were chemically standardized as reported previously. 9,10 The below chemical parameters were applied to the water extracts from both mature and immature jujubes. The contents of nucleobases, including uracil, xanthine, hypoxanthine, guanine, and/or adenine in water extract should be more than 45 and 80 μg/g of dried extract of jujube.…”

Section: ■ Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…23−25 In good agreement with this notion, our studies revealed that the content of flavonoids fell sharply during maturity. 9 As for nucleotide and its derivatives, the contents of 7 compounds were higher in mature jujubes than that of immature ones, including xanthine, hypoxanthine, adenine, uridine, guanosine, cGMP, and cAMP. 9 The content of polysaccharide in jujube has not been significantly changed by the developmental stage.…”

Section: ■ Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…9 As for nucleotide and its derivatives, the contents of 7 compounds were higher in mature jujubes than that of immature ones, including xanthine, hypoxanthine, adenine, uridine, guanosine, cGMP, and cAMP. 9 The content of polysaccharide in jujube has not been significantly changed by the developmental stage. 9 In line with this, our current studies revealed that the total amount of sugars, including glucose and sucrose, did not show a significant difference between mature and immature jujubes.…”

Section: ■ Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The powder was redissolved with water, or other solvents, and vortexed at room temperature before use. 9 NMR Metabolic Analysis. Sample preparation for NMR spectroscopy was performed as in previous studies.…”

Section: ■ Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,2 Moreover, pharmacological data have shown that the fruit has abilities to perform antioxidant actions, 3,4 immunological activity, 5 a potential sedative effect, 6 treatment of jaundice, 7 and anti-inflammatory effects. 8 Previously, we have demonstrated the neuronal activity of jujube in defending cultured PC12 cells against oxidative stress, 9 and its beneficial roles in neuronal differentiation. 10 Jujube could stimulate the expression of neurotrophic factor in cultured astrocytes.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fruit of Ziziphus jujuba (Jujube) at Two Stages of Maturity: Distinction by Metabolic Profiling and Biological Assessment

Chen

Chan

Lam

et al. 2015

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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The fruit of Ziziphus jujuba, named as jujube or Chinese date, is used as a health supplement worldwide. Two kinds of jujubes are commonly found in the market: immature jujubes eaten as fruits, and mature jujubes employed as medicinal herbs. To study the variation of jujubes at two developmental stages, we investigated their chemical and biological properties by metabolic profiling and cellular assays. In NMR profiling, the levels of 11 metabolites were measured. Statistically differences in the levels of threonine, alanine, acetate, creatine, glucose, sucrose, and formate were found between mature and immature jujubes. In parallel, their neuro-protecting and erythropoietic activities were compared. The water extract of mature jujube possessed better effect in inducing neurofilament expression than that of the immature one, while immature jujube extract performed better in activating HRE-mediated transcriptional activity. These findings suggest the maturity of jujube has to be considered when it is being used for health food products.

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Section: ■ Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: ■ Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: ■ Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Fruit of Ziziphus jujuba (Jujube) at Two Stages of Maturity: Distinction by Metabolic Profiling and Biological Assessment

Chen

Chan

Lam

et al. 2015

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Low‐cost recycling production of pectinase to increase the yield and quality of Muzao jujube juice by Aspergillus niger

Yang

Wang

Chio

et al. 2019

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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A low‐cost recycling system for the production of pectinase was built to improve the yield and quality of Muzao date juice and to reduce production costs. An Aspergillus niger strain, Gyx086, was selected from 20 A. niger strains on potato agar plates containing Muzao date residues, and the strain was used to produce an enzyme cocktail with high pectinase activity using Muzao date residues as the medium. The high pectinase activity level was therefore used in the production of Muzao date juice. Under optimized enzymatic hydrolysis conditions, a date juice yield of 92.88% was obtained, which was 11% higher than the control, and was not significantly different from a commercial preparation. Further storage trials indicated that the clarity, viscosity, storage stability, and soluble solid content could also be greatly improved by enzymatic treatment. These results suggested that the cheap experimental preparation could effectively replace the commercial preparation used for the production of date juice. This is the first systematic report detailing the production of Muzao date juice using a cheap and effective pectinase cocktail, which could promote the development of the date juice industry. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

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Geographical classification of Epimedium based on HPLC fingerprint analysis combined with multi‐ingredients quantitative analysis

Zhou

et al. 2016

Biomedical Chromatography

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A reliable and comprehensive method for identifying the origin and assessing the quality of Epimedium has been developed. The method is based on analysis of HPLC fingerprints, combined with similarity analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), principal component analysis (PCA) and multi-ingredient quantitative analysis. Nineteen batches of Epimedium, collected from different areas in the western regions of China, were used to establish the fingerprints and 18 peaks were selected for the analysis. Similarity analysis, HCA and PCA all classified the 19 areas into three groups. Simultaneous quantification of the five major bioactive ingredients in the Epimedium samples was also carried out to confirm the consistency of the quality tests. These methods were successfully used to identify the geographical origin of the Epimedium samples and to evaluate their quality.

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Chemical and Biological Assessment of Ziziphus jujuba (Jujubes) Fruit from China of Different Geographical Sources and Developmental Stages: Chemical Composition and Possible Targets in Developing Health Food Products

Cited by 7 publications

References 44 publications

Fruit of Ziziphus jujuba (Jujube) at Two Stages of Maturity: Distinction by Metabolic Profiling and Biological Assessment

Fruit of Ziziphus jujuba (Jujube) at Two Stages of Maturity: Distinction by Metabolic Profiling and Biological Assessment

Low‐cost recycling production of pectinase to increase the yield and quality of Muzao jujube juice by Aspergillus niger

Geographical classification of Epimedium based on HPLC fingerprint analysis combined with multi‐ingredients quantitative analysis

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