Chemical and morphological studies on sites of sesquiterpene accumulation in Pogostemon cablin (patchouli)

Henderson, W. R.; Hart, J. W.; How, P.; Judge, J.

doi:10.1016/s0031-9422(00)85312-1

Cited by 52 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…1) being the most abundant. 2,3 This compound is biosynthesised by cyclisation of cis-farnesyl pyrophosphate, 4 and synthesised by several steps. 5 Some researches on cell cultures of P. cablin [6][7][8][9][10] have been reported, but the chemical constituents from these cultures have not been investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bunrathep¹,

Lockwood²,

Songsak³

et al. 2006

ScienceAsia

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ABSTRACT:The study on the chemical constituents of an essential oil of Pogostemon cablin was carried out by hydrodistillation of leaf explants and the oil analysed by Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS). The oil yield was found to be 0.30 % (v/w) of fresh weight. Twenty two compounds were identified by GC/ MS as eighteen sesquiterpenes and three oxygenated sesquiterpenes. Among these, patchouli alcohol (60.30 %) was the major component, followed by germacrene A (11.73 %). In order to study the chemical constituents of the essential oil of plant cell cultures, leaves were surface sterilised and callus cultures initiated on MS media containing naphthaleneacetic acid (0.5 mg/l), and benzyladenine (1 mg/l), followed by incubation in suitable culture conditions. Cell suspension cultures were initiated by subculturing callus cultures into new liquid media and maintained in the same conditions. Chemical constituents of the essential oils produced by both callus and cell suspension cultures were extracted with dichloromethane and analysed by GC and GC/ MS. The results showed that essential oil obtained from these cultures contained the same major constituents, namely patchouli alcohol, as in the intact plant, but the level was low, and also contained a small amount of minor constituents. Feeding cis-farnesol, the precursor of patchouli alcohol, to cell suspension cultures resulted in the patchouli alcohol being increased from 19.5 mg/l to 25.5 mg/l.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

Bunrathep¹,

Lockwood²,

Songsak³

et al. 2006

ScienceAsia

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“…Related studies have demonstrated that label from [U-_4CJsucrose is incorporated into monoterpenes most rapidly in Majorana hortensis leaf discs during the stage of leaf expansion (14). However, as previous studies have suggested that the number of oil glands is fixed at the time of leaf emergence (10,11,23,24,36), lower rates of incorporation by discs from fully expanded leaves may simply represent a lower density of oil glands and, thus, fewer biosynthetic sites per unit area or mass of tissue. Although the summary of the evidence above suggests that monoterpene biosynthesis may be most 'To whom inquiries should be addressed.…”

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confidence: 98%

Relationship of Camphor Biosynthesis to Leaf Development in Sage (Salvia officinalis)

Croteau

Felton²,

Karp³

et al. 1981

Plant Physiol.

129

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The camphor content of sage (Saivia officinalis L.) leaves increases as the leaves expand, and the increase is roughly proportional to the number of filled peltate oil glands which appear on the leaf surface during the expansion process. "4CO2 is more rapidly incorporated into camphor and its direct progenitors in expanding leaves than in mature leaves, and direct in vitro measurement of the key enzymes involved in the conversion of geranyl pyrophosphate to camphor indicates that these enzymes, including the probable rate-limiting cyclization step, are at the highest levels during the period of maximum leaf expansion. These results clearly demonstrate that immature sage leaves synthesize and accumulate camphor most rapidly.

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“…Although the glands exhibit a strange feature in the palisade parenchyma, the observation of the constituent cells revealed that the structure of mesophyll glands is largely similar to the external glandular trichomes projecting over the surface of the patchouli leaves. Previously such evidence has been reported by Henderson et al (1970), showing the presence of a single head cell in the internal glands. Interestingly, they fur- Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

“…Thus, the matrix of the upper wall of the secretory head cells is loaded with the aromatic products. Henderson et al (1970) reported that internal glands in patchouli plants were not found in the second pair of primordial young leaves, in which vascularization was already detected. If so, an ontogeny of internal glands probably occurs after the middle stage of the leaf development.…”

Section: Cuticle Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%