Chemical and nutritional evaluation of raw seeds of the tribal pulsesParkia roxburghiiG. Don. andEntada phaseoloides(L.) Merr.

Abstract

Raw seeds of tribal pulses, Parkia roxburghii and Entada phaseoloides, were analysed for proximate and mineral composition, seed protein fractions, seed protein amino acid profiles, fatty acid profiles of lipids and anti-nutritional factors. The seeds of P. roxburghii contain higher contents of crude protein and crude lipid compared to E. phaseoloides resulting in high energy value. Both the seeds were rich in potassium and iron. The seeds of E. phaseoloides were found to be a rich source of minerals such as magnesium, phosphorus, zinc and manganese. Albumins and globulins constituted the predominant fractions of the seed proteins. In P. roxburghii and E. phaseoloides the contents of the essential amino acids, isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine and phenylalanine, were fairly high. Fatty acids such as oleic and linoleic acids were found to be relatively high in both the tribal pulses. Anti-nutritional factors such as total free phenols, tannins, L-DOPA (3,4-dihydroxyphenylalaline) and haemagglutinating activity also were analysed or assayed. Int J Food Sci Nutr Downloaded from informahealthcare.com by University of Adelaide on 11/17/14 For personal use only. Int J Food Sci Nutr Downloaded from informahealthcare.com by University of Adelaide on 11/17/14 For personal use only.

Effect of processing methods on compositional evaluation of underutilized legume, Parkia roxburghii G. Don (yongchak) seeds

“…Moisture content observed in the present study (4.2 %) showed variation with the previous report on the same seeds by 1.7-2.2 fold lower values. However, other proximal components such as protein (29.7 g/100 g DM), crude fibre (6.1 g/100 g DM) and ash (5.3 g/100 g DM) were agree with the previous reports on the same seeds (Mohan and Janardhanan 1993;Longvah and Deosthale 1998). Though the protein content is lower than soybean (40 %) and lupin (42 %), it is comparable to other legumes cowpea, chickpea, horse gram, kidney bean and peas (Khattab et al 2009;Sreerama et al 2012).…”

“…Among the non-essential group, Arg is found to be the highly concentrated amino acids followed by Asp and Glu which might be for their function as storage forms of nitrogen and precursors for the backbone of other amino acids (Onwuliri and Anekwe 1993). Hence, P. roxburghii has exhibited the characteristic amino acid pattern of legumes and found to be comparable with the report of Mohan and Janardhanan (1993) and Longvah and Deosthale (1998) on the same seeds, and Carvalho et al (2011) on P. platycephala. Fermentated P. roxburghii kernels has recorded negligible changes in Leu, Lys and Tyr content and the highest loss of 18.8 % was noticed on Trp followed by Cys (8.8 %) and Met (5 %) (Fig.…”

“…However, recent interest in food phenolics has increased greatly, owing to their antioxidant capacity (free radical scavengers and metal chelators) and their key roles in the treatment and prevention of cancer, cardiovascular disease and other pathological scenario (Bravo 1998). Content of phenolics (0.3 g TAE/100 g DM) and tannins (0.07 g TAE/100 g (Table 3) is lower than the previous report on the same seeds (0.6 g/100 g DM) (Mohan and Janardhanan 1993). Dry heated and fermented P. roxburghii kernels have registered significant gain on phenolics (117 and 207 %) and tannins (171 and 257 %).…”

“…The results obtained are parallel to the agglutination pattern of earlier reports, (i) Utarabhand and Akkayanont (1995), who showed agglutination on the same seeds P. javanica against rat (267 HU/mg protein) and rabbit (68267 HU/mg protein) and not on human A, B and O blood group RBC's, and (ii) Suvachittanont and Peutpaiboon (1992) and Cavada et al (2000) who showed agglutination against rabbit and rat RBC's respectively, rather than human RBC's by P. discolor and P. speciosa. In contrast, Mohan and Janardhanan (1993) reported the presence of agglutinating activity against human A, B and O blood group RBC's by the same legume seeds. All the processing regimens in the current study revealed complete abolishment (100 %) of agglutination on rat RBC's.…”

Nutritional potential of biochemical components inGalactia longifolia Benth. (Fabaceae)

“…Fatty acid methyl esters were prepared [14] and the fatty acid analysis was performed using a flame ionisation detector [15] in gas chromatography (Shimadzu Model RIA).…”