Chemical and physical properties of earthworm casts as compared to bulk soil under a range of different land-use systems in Vietnam

Jouquet, Pascal; Bottinelli, Nicolas; Podwojewski, Pascal; Hallaire, Vincent; Duc, Toan Tran

doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.05.030

Cited by 111 publications

(69 citation statements)

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“…Our study showed that casts of Metaphire hilgendorfi had high concentrations of NH occurred only slowly. Jouquet et al (2008) showed that pH of fresh casts (Amynthas khami; Megascolecidae) (4.3-5.7) was 0.3-1.2 higher than the bulk soil (4.0-5.3). The cast of M. hilgendorfi had a pH value of 6.5, which was higher than the FS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Earthworm casts are major source of soil aggregates (Decaëns 2000;Six et al 2002), and are characterized by higher pH, carbon (C), polysaccharides, calcium ion (Ca 2þ ), magnesium ion (Mg 2þ ) and potassium ion (K þ ) contents (Jouquet et al 2008). In agroecosystems, earthworm activity has been shown to increase aggregate size and soil organic matter (SOM) content compared with the surrounding soil (Marinissen and Hillenaar 1997;Mariani et al 2007 a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mineral nitrogen dynamics in the casts of epigeic earthworms (Metaphire hilgendorfi: Megascolecidae)

Kawaguchi

Kyoshima

Kaneko

2011

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

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Quantitative evaluation of earthworm activity and temporal dynamics of cast stability are necessary to understand the importance of nutrient cycling in soil ecosystem. To address how earthworm activity influences soil aggregation and mineral nitrogen (N), cast production rate of Metaphire hilgendorfi and N mineralization rate in the casts were monitored for 56 days under laboratory conditions. The casting rate was 0.79 g dry weight (DW) g À1 earthworm fresh weight (FW) day À1 and 92% of the casts were water-stable within 24 h of excretion. The casts within three days of excretion contained 333.8 mg ammonium-nitrogen (NH , which were 69.8 and 0.95 times higher than those of the soil, respectively. M. hilgendorfi excreted 270 mg N g À1 earthworm FW day À1 through their casting activity. Soil respiration was active in the first two weeks, whereas dissolved organic carbon in casts did not change during aging. Cast NH þ 4 -N was nitrified rapidly with subsequent decrease in pH value from 6.5 to 5. Nitrification stopped at 28 days when half of the NH þ 4 -N was nitrified. Gentle crushing of casts did not significantly influence respiration nor N mineralization. Therefore microbial access to neither carbon nor N was responsible for the nitrification cessation, but pH appeared to contribute. Dynamic changes in mineral N was observed during cast aging.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineral nitrogen dynamics in the casts of epigeic earthworms (Metaphire hilgendorfi: Megascolecidae)

Kawaguchi

Kyoshima

Kaneko

2011

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

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“…These coatings considerably restrict interactions between pores inside and outside of the aggregates (e.g., Fér and Kodešová, 2012;Gerke and Köhne, 2002;. Earthworm burrow walls can also be coated by the earthworm casts, which often have different soil chemical and physical properties than the bulk soil (Jouquet et al, 2008;Lipiec et al, 2015;Schrader et al, 2007). The mass exchange (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Droplet infiltration dynamics and soil wettability related to soil organic matter of soil aggregate coatings and interiors

Fér

Leue

Kodešová

et al. 2016

Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics

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Abstract:The organo-mineral coatings of soil aggregates, cracks, and biopores control sorption and macropore-matrix exchange during preferential flow, in particular in the clay-illuvial Bt-horizon of Luvisols. The soil organic matter (SOM) composition has been hypothesized to explain temporal changes in the hydraulic properties of aggregate surfaces. The objective of this research was to find relations between the temporal change in wettability, in terms of droplet infiltration dynamics, and the SOM composition of coated and uncoated aggregate surfaces. We used 20 to 40 mm sized soil aggregates from the Bt2 horizon of a Haplic Luvisol from loess that were (i) coated, (ii) not coated (both intact), and (iii) aggregates from which coatings were removed (cut). The SOM composition of the aggregate surfaces was characterized by infrared spectroscopy in the diffuse reflection mode (DRIFT). A potential wettability index (PWI) was calculated from the ratio of hydrophobic and hydrophilic functional groups in SOM. The water drop penetration times (WDPT) and contact angles (CA) during droplet infiltration experiments were determined on dry and moist aggregate samples of the three types. The decrease in the CA with time was described using the power function (CA(t) = at -b ). For dry aggregates, the WDPT values were larger for coated as compared to uncoated regions on the aggregate surfaces, and increased with increasing PWI value (R 2 = 0.75). The a parameter was significantly related to the WDPT (R 2 = 0.84) and to the PWI (R 2 = 0.64). The relations between the b parameter and the WDPT (R 2 = 0.61) and the PWI (R 2 = 0.53) were also significant. The WDPT values of wet soil aggregates were higher than those of dry aggregates due to high water contents, which limited the droplet infiltration potential. At the wet aggregate surfaces, the WDPT values increased with the PWI of the SOM (R 2 = 0.64). In contrast to dry samples, no significant relationships were found between parameters a or b of CA(t) and WDPT or PWI for wet aggregate surfaces. The results suggest that the effect of the SOM composition of coatings on surface wettability decreases with increasing soil moisture. In addition to the dominant impact of SOM, the wettability of aggregate surfaces could be affected by different mineralogical compositions of clay in coatings and interiors of aggregates. Particularly, wettability of coatings could be decreased by illite which was the dominant clay type in coatings. However, the influence of different clay mineral fractions on surface wettability was not due to small number of measurements (2 and 1 samples from coatings and interiors, respectively) quantified.

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“…Chemical and physical properties of casts have been investigated in many studies (Bityutskii & kaiDun, 2008;Buck et al, 1999;chauDhuri et al, 2009;jeGou et al, 2001;jouqueT et al, 2008;oyeDele et al, 2006;schraDer & zhanG, 1997;zorn et al, 2008). ChaudhuRi et al (2009) reported that nutrient enrichment and physical properties of casts compared to the surrounding soil differed among the species.…”

Section: Earthworm Casts As Sampling Mediummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ChaudhuRi et al (2009) reported that nutrient enrichment and physical properties of casts compared to the surrounding soil differed among the species. They suggested that the elevated levels of cations (K + , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ and Na + ) often observed in earthworm casts in the field (jouquet et al, 2008;oyeDele et al, 2006) are probably due to selective feeding by earthworms on materials enriched in those cations (chauDhuri et al, 2009). Higher pH and organic carbon content were also observed in earthworm casts as compared to parent soil (Bisht et al 2006;jou-quet et al, 2008;oyeDele et al, 2006;reDDy et al, 1997;schraDer & zhanG, 1997).…”

Section: Earthworm Casts As Sampling Mediummentioning

confidence: 99%

Earthworm casts as a sampling medium – a case study from highly contaminated Hg roasting site Pšenk (Idrija area, Slovenia)

Teršič¹,

Gosar²

2013

Geologija

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IntroductionSoils are the major sink for heavy metals released into the environment by anthropogenic activities; most metals released to the environment do not undergo microbial or chemical degradation, Earthworm casts as a sampling medium -a case study from highly contaminated Hg roasting site P�enk (Idrija area, Slovenia) AbstractIn this study an interesting sampling medium -earthworm casts was examined in a highly Hg contaminated area. Enrichment factor (EF) has been applied to assess elevated concentrations of analyzed elements in earthworm casts and to determine elevated concentrations of these elements in soils and casts with regard to European average concentrations in topsoil. In a previous study (TeR�i~ & gosaR, 2012) it was shown that Hg contents and dispersion in casts from studied roasting site are comparable to those in soil, which indicates that soil contamination is substantially reflected in contamination of earthworm casts. Therefore the comparison between elemental concentrations in earthworm casts and soil was investigated with the intention to assess the reflection of possible soil contamination in casts. Besides Hg contamination, elevated concentrations of As, Ca, Cd, Mo, Pb and U were also determined in earthworm casts. The calculated EFs show moderate enrichment of casts with Ca, Sr and P and minimal enrichment with Mg, Zn and Cu. Cast, SOM (surface organic matter rich soil layer) and soil enrichments with regard to the European averages show extreme enrichment of all studied media with Hg, followed by significant enrichment with Mo and Cd and moderate enrichment with As. Spatial distributions of analyzed elements in casts mostly show similar pattern as in soil, however, because of the different nature of different earthworm species and specific properties of different elements, the data about cast contamination can only serve as an approximate prediction about the dispersion and distribution of contaminant in soil. Izvle~ekNa mo~no obremenjenem okolju živosrebrne žgalnice v okolici Idrije smo raziskovali zanimiv vzor~ni medijdeževnikove iztrebke. Faktor obogatitve (EF) smo uporabili za oceno povi�anih vsebnosti analiziranih elementov v deževnikovih iztrebkih in tleh ter za primerjavo s povpre~nimi vsebnostmi v tleh Evrope. Predhodna (TeR�i~ & Gosar, 2012) in ta �tudija sta pokazali, da so Hg vsebnosti in prostorska porazdelitev v deževnikovih iztrebkih dobro primerljive z vsebnostmi in porazdelitvijo v tleh na raziskovanem ozemlju, kar kaže da se onesnaženje tal dobro odraža v vsebnostih v deževnikovih iztrebkih. Primerjavo med vsebnostmi kemijskih elementov v deževnikov iztrebkih in tleh smo raziskovali z namenom, da bi ocenili stopnjo ujemanja vsebnosti elementov v deževnikovih iztrebkih in tleh. Poleg povi�anega Hg smo dolo~ili tudi povi�ane koncentracije As, Ca, Cd, Mo, Pb in U v deževnikovih iztrebkih. Izra~unani faktorji obogatitve (EF) so pokazali zmerno obogatitev v iztrebkih z Ca, Sr in P ter rahlo obogatitev z Mg, Zn in Cu. Vsebnosti v deževnikovih iztrebkih, vrhnjem z organsko...

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Chemical and physical properties of earthworm casts as compared to bulk soil under a range of different land-use systems in Vietnam

Cited by 111 publications

References 50 publications

Mineral nitrogen dynamics in the casts of epigeic earthworms (Metaphire hilgendorfi: Megascolecidae)

Mineral nitrogen dynamics in the casts of epigeic earthworms (Metaphire hilgendorfi: Megascolecidae)

Droplet infiltration dynamics and soil wettability related to soil organic matter of soil aggregate coatings and interiors

Earthworm casts as a sampling medium – a case study from highly contaminated Hg roasting site Pšenk (Idrija area, Slovenia)

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