Chemical and spectroscopic characterization of organic matter during the anaerobic digestion and successive composting of pig slurry

Intermittent rainstorms cause pulses of nitrogen, phosphorus, and copper in leachate from compost in bioretention systems

“…S2, Supporting Information). The most intense absorbance bands occurred at 1024 and 1028 cm −1 , which are associated with C-O stretching of polysaccharides (Chen and Inbar, 1993;Carballo et al, 2008;Smidt et al, 2011;Wang et al, 2013;Provenzano et al, 2014). A shallow band around 3280 cm − 1 indicates O-H stretching of bonded and non-bonded hydroxyl groups (Smidt et al, 2011;Higashikawa et al, 2014;Provenzano et al, 2014).…”

“…The most intense absorbance bands occurred at 1024 and 1028 cm −1 , which are associated with C-O stretching of polysaccharides (Chen and Inbar, 1993;Carballo et al, 2008;Smidt et al, 2011;Wang et al, 2013;Provenzano et al, 2014). A shallow band around 3280 cm − 1 indicates O-H stretching of bonded and non-bonded hydroxyl groups (Smidt et al, 2011;Higashikawa et al, 2014;Provenzano et al, 2014). Phenol and carboxyl groups are indicated by the band at 1416 cm − 1 (Smidt et al, 2011;Wang et al, 2013;Ouaqoudi et al, 2014), while aliphatic groups are indicated by weak bands at 2924 and 2853 cm −1 (Chen and Inbar, 1993;Huang et al, 2006;Ouaqoudi et al, 2014;Provenzano et al, 2014).…”

“…A shallow band around 3280 cm − 1 indicates O-H stretching of bonded and non-bonded hydroxyl groups (Smidt et al, 2011;Higashikawa et al, 2014;Provenzano et al, 2014). Phenol and carboxyl groups are indicated by the band at 1416 cm − 1 (Smidt et al, 2011;Wang et al, 2013;Ouaqoudi et al, 2014), while aliphatic groups are indicated by weak bands at 2924 and 2853 cm −1 (Chen and Inbar, 1993;Huang et al, 2006;Ouaqoudi et al, 2014;Provenzano et al, 2014). Aromatic groups are indicated by absorbances at 1590, 1505, and 1265 cm −1 .…”

Life cycle assessment of swine and dairy manure: Pyrolysis and combustion processes

“…Others bands were shown in the following regions: 1650-1620 cm À1 (amides of proteins), 1540-1560 cm À1 (C-N of secondary amides), 1230-1250 cm À1 (phenolic-OH stretching) and 1060-1080 cm À1 (bands associated with PO 4 3À ). Furthermore, a number of peaks in the 1370-1440 cm À1 region could be ascribed to alkyl groups of fiber (hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin) (Provenzano et al, 2014).…”

Electrokinetic removal of Cu and Zn in anaerobic digestate: Interrelation between metal speciation and electrokinetic treatments

“…The organic matter in digestate consisted of some aromatic, amides and organic acids [30,31] besides some refractory fibers. Only the metal complex formed via reaction between organic acids and heavy metal ions could be decomposed in oxidizing conditions during EK process, resulting in the release of metals as charged species [32].…”