Oxyphlogopite is a new mica group mineral with the idealized formula K(Mg,Ti,Fe) 3 [(Si,Al) 4 O 10 ](O,F) 2 . The holotype material came from a basalt quarry at Mount Rothenberg near Mendig at the Eifel volcanic complex in Rhineland Palatinate, Germany. The mineral occurs as crystals up to 4 × 4 × 0.2 mm in size encrusting cavity walls in alkali basalt. The associated minerals are nepheline, plagioclase, sanidine, augite, diopside, and magnetite. Its color is dark brown, its streak is brown, and its lus ter is vitreous. D meas = 3.06(1) g/cm 3 (flotation in heavy liquids), and D calc = 3.086 g/cm 3 . The IR spectrun does not contain bands of OH groups. Oxyphlogopite is biaxial (negative); α = 1.625(3), β = 1.668(1), and γ = 1.669(1); and 2V meas = 16(2)° and 2V calc = 17°. The dispersion is strong; r < v. The pleochroism is medium; X > Y > Z (brown to dark brown). The chemical composition is as follows (electron microprobe, mean of 5 point analyses, wt %; the ranges are given in parentheses; the H 2 O was determined using the Ali marin method; the Fe 2+ / Fe 3+ was determined with X ray emission spectroscopy): Na 2 O 0.99 (0.(OH) 0.07 . The crystal structure was refined on a single crystal. Oxyphlogopite is monoclinic with space group C2/m; the unit cell parameters are as follows: a = 5.3165(1), b = 9.2000(2), c = 10.0602(2) Å, β = 100.354(2)°. The presence of Ti results in the strong distortion of octahedron M(2). The strongest lines of the X ray powder diffraction pattern [d, Å (I, %) [hkl]] are as follows: 9.91(32) [001], 4.53(11) 110], 3.300(100) [003], 3.090(12) [112], 1.895(21) [005], 1.659(12) [-135], 1.527(16) [-206, 060]. The type spec imens of oxyphlogopite are deposited at the Fersman Mineralogical Museum in Moscow, Russia; the regis tration numbers are 3884/2 (holotype) and 3884/1 (cotype).