Chemical characteristics of organic wastes and their potential use for acid mine drainage remediation

Abstract

Organic substrate is an important component of biological treatments for acid mine drainage (AMD) remediation systems. It provides organic substrates to sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) in the sulfate (SO4) reduction, resulting in increased alkalinity and metal sulfide precipitates. Natural organic matters vary in their characteristics, and therefore may perform differently for remediation properties. This study was aimed to characterize four locally available organic wastes (bark, empty fruit bunch, sawdust, and chicken manure) potential for AMD remediation. Their chemical properties and elemental compositions were measured. An anaerobic incubation of these wastes in AMD was undertaken to determine their remediation properties. The pH, electrical conductivity (EC), redox potential (Eh), and dissolved Fe and SO 4 of the mixtures were measured after the 1st, 7th, 14th, and 30th day of the incubation at room temperature. The results demonstrated that organic wastes varied in their chemical properties and performed differently in treating AMD. Organic wastes containing high alkalinity (high pH) and nutrient concentrations (chicken manure and empty fruit bunch) improved AMD quality through increasing pH (>6) and reducing dissolved Fe and SO4 concentrations. Although sawdust and bark (high CEC) did not increase pH up to acceptable standard at most time, they apparently were able to remove dissolved Fe from AMD through adsorption mechanism.

Aquatic Plants for Acid Mine Drainage Remediation in Simulated Wetland Systems

“…This means that the substrates in the growth media had played important role in raising the pH, regardless the planting treatments. Such observations have been reported by various studies (Waybrant et al, 1998;Gibert et al, 2004;Zagury et al, 2006;Sheoran, 2006;Munawar & Riwandi, 2010). Alkaline manure and sludge contained in the growth media might have contributed their alkalinity to the system.…”

“…This agrees with a study by Sheoran (2006), who found significant pH increases (from around 3 to more than 7 in a wetland system using wood chips and goat manure. In a previous study we also found that organic wastes containing high alkalinity (high pH) and nutrient concentrations (chicken manure) improved AMD quality, through increasing its pH above 6 (Munawar & Riwandi, 2010). Drastic increase from pH 2.8 of the original AMD to more than 6 occurred 24 hours after treatment application.…”

Potensi Bakteri Pereduksi Sulfat dan Jenis Bahan Organik dalam Pengolahan Air Asam Tambang menggunakan System Constructed Wetland Tanaman akar Wangi (Vetiveria zizanioides L)

“…Pirit yang teroksidasi jika terlarut dalam air akan membentuk SO4 2-dan meningkatkan kemasaman. Reaksi oksidasi tersebut terjadi secara biologi oleh bakteri Thiobacillus thiooxidans yang dapat menghasilkan asam sulfat dan menurunkan nilai pH perairan (Munawar dan Riwandi, 2010).…”

Microbial Degradation of Pesticide Residues and an Emphasis on the Degradation of Cypermethrin and 3-phenoxy Benzoic Acid: A Review

“…Temperature, humidity, salinity, pH, nutrition, carbon dioxide, oxygen, substrate concentration, surfactant, etc. would affect the degradation [ 91 , 92 , 93 , 94 ]. Bacteria or their enzymes needed a suitable temperature, pH and substrate concentration [ 95 ].…”

“…There was a comparison of cell’s surface hydrophobicity of strain L12 in xylene and n-octanol [ 79 ]. The hydrophobicity of bacterial cell’s surface was one of the most important determinants of nonspecific bacterial adhesion of bacteria to variously biological and abiotic surfaces and interfaces, and it was also one of the main elements that affected bacterial uptake and the degradation of hydrophobic organic matter [ 93 ]. It had important significance of studying the cell’s surface hydrophobicity to degrade organic compounds in non-aqueous phase.…”