Chemical Characterization and Evaluation of the Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oils from Fibre-Type Cannabis sativa L. (Hemp)

Iseppi, Ramona; Brighenti, Virginia; Licata, Manuela; Lambertini, Antonella; Sabia, Carla; Messi, Patrizia; Pellati, Federica; Benvenuti, Stefania

doi:10.3390/molecules24122302

Cited by 113 publications

(134 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Several studies have shown the antibacterial activity of extracts from plants such as essential oils [5][6][7][8][9]. Industrial hemp was used to obtain essential oil rich in terpenic compounds and this oil was tested against pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms to evaluate the antimicrobial activity [10]. Lavandin essential oil (liquid and vapour phase) showed an antimicrobial activity against gram-negative (E. coli, Acinetobacter bohemicus, and Pseudomonas fluorescens) and gram-positive (B. cereus and Kocuria marina) bacteria [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Testing of Schinus molle (L.) Leaf Extracts and Fractions Followed by GC-MS Investigation of Biological Active Fractions

et al. 2020

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Schinus molle (L.) is a dioecious plant of the Anacardiaceae family, originating in South America and currently widespread in many regions throughout the world. In this work leaf extracts and derived low-pressure column chromatography (LPCC) fractions of S. molle L. male and female plants were investigated for the antimicrobial activity. Leaf extracts were tested on microbes Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Candida albicans and Bacillus subtilis. Furthermore, the extracts showing antimicrobial activity were fractionated by LPCC and the obtained fractions tested on the same microorganism strains. Positive fractions were investigated by gas-chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and were seen to be rich in sesquiterpenes, sesquiterpenoids and other terpens. The obtained effects highlighted the antimicrobial properties of S. molle (L.) leaf compounds and revealed their importance as a source of bioactive molecules of potential pharmaceutical interest. To our knowledge, this is the first paper reporting investigations on the chemical composition of the extracts and derived positive fractions from Schinus molle (L.) plants grown in central Italy

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Testing of Schinus molle (L.) Leaf Extracts and Fractions Followed by GC-MS Investigation of Biological Active Fractions

et al. 2020

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“…The microorganisms are susceptible to various terpenes since investigated EOs differ in their antibacterial profile. In general, the oxygenated terpenes exhibited better antibacterial activity than the hydrocarbon congeners (Nazzaro et al 2013;Guimaraes et al 2019;Iseppi et al 2019;Dahham et al 2015;Hong et al 2004). As described previously, terpenes have several targets in the bacterial membrane and in the cytoplasm of bacterial cell (Burt 2004;Nazzaro et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…highlighted the importance of terpene fingerprints on the pharmacological activity besides the cannabinoids (Iseppi et al 2019;Mudge et al 2019;Russo 2011). Furthermore, absolute quantification, additionally to the relative amount of the chemical composition, is recommended for a proper quality evaluation (Edris 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Absolute quantification of terpenes in conifer-derived essential oils and their antibacterial activity

Allenspach

Valder²

2020

J Anal Sci Technol

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A simple, robust, and precise method for the absolute quantification of the terpenes α-pinene, camphene, βpinene, 3-carene, limonene, bornyl acetate, β-caryophyllene, and borneol was developed using gas chromatography coupled to a flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and validated according to the International Council for Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use. The GC-FID method shows high accuracy (91-105%) and low imprecision (< 7.6%) for all terpenes at quality control (QC) low, medium, and high level. The curves are linear with strong correlation (R 2 ≥ 0.999) for all terpenes. Additionally, the relative response factor (RRF) for each terpene is calculated. The method was validated in terms of specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision, LOD, LOQ, stability tests, and carry-over. The method was successfully applied to quantify the selected terpenes in conifer-derived essential oils (CEOs). The total amount of terpenes ranged from 6.3 to 11.8 mM. Additionally, the CEOs were screened in vitro for the antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus using the broth microdilution method to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). All the CEOs showed antibacterial activity in the concentration from 0.3 to 50 μg/mL (S. aureus) and 1.2 to 50 μg/mL (E. coli), respectively. CEO14 showed the most effective antibacterial activity of the entire tested CEOs (MIC values 0.3 μg/mL (S. aureus); 1.2 μg/mL (E. coli)). Our results suggest that the terpenoid profile should be considered for a comprehensive evaluation of the antibacterial activity, as none of the single compounds seems to be fully responsible for antibacterial activity.

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“…Chiurchiu et al, in a similar study, proved a decrease in the IL-6, IL-12, and IFN-α levels in dendritic cells [45]. In regard with the antimicrobial activity of Cannabis sativa extracts, studies have reported antimicrobial characteristics targeting gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus flavus, and Baccilus subtilus) and gramnegative bacteria (Proteus vulgaris and Pseudomonas savastanoe), as well as an antifungal activity (Aspergilus niger) [40,[78][79][80][81]. Appendino et al also proved an increased antimicrobial activity for Δ9-THC and CBD on Staphylococcus aureus [82].…”

Section: The Cannabinoid Signaling System and Inflammation-linked Witmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Substances from the class of cannabinoids are found in high concentrations in the plant of Cannabis sativa [40]. Out of the many structural forms of cannabinoids, the most widely studied are delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) [41].…”

Section: Biochemical Aspects Of Cannabinoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabis Sativa Revisited - Crosstalk between microRNAs Expression, Inflammation, Oxidative Stress and Endocannabinoid Response System in Critically Ill Patients with Sepsis

Rogobete¹,

Bratu²,

Bedreag³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Critically ill patients with sepsis require a multidisciplinary approach, as this situation implies multiorgan distress, with most of the bodily biochemical and cellular systems being affected by the condition. Moreover, sepsis is characterized by a multitude of biochemical interactions and by dynamic changes of the immune system. At the moment, there is a gap in our understanding of the cellular, genetic, and molecular mechanisms involved in sepsis. One of the systems intensely studied in recent years is the endocannabinoid signaling pathway, as light was shed over a series of important interactions of cannabinoid receptors with biochemical pathways, specifically for sepsis. Furthermore, a series of important implications on inflammation and the immune system that are induced by the activity of cannabinoid receptors stimulated by the delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) have been noticed. One of the most important is their ability to reduce the biosynthesis of pro-inflammatory mediators and the modulation of immune mechanisms. Different studies have reported that cannabinoids can reduce oxidative stress at mitochondrial and cellular levelsThe aim of this review paper was to present, in detail, the important mechanisms modulated by the endocannabinoid signaling pathway, as well as of the molecular and cellular links it has with sepsis. At the same time, we wish to present the possible implications of cannabinoids in the most important biological pathways involved in sepsis, such as inflammation, redox activity, immune system, and epigenetic expression. cascade and in the evolution of sepsis are represented by the inflammatory response, immune response, and redox activity, followed by the involvement of cellular defects, which all lead to severe organ dysfunction. Adding to this phenomenon are severe respiratory infections; tissue hypoxia; acute kidney injury (AKI); metabolic imbalances; and, last but not least, derangements of the biological system as a whole. Through the augmentation of the inflammatory status and through the concomitant derangement of several organ functions, a high percentage of critical patients with sepsis develop multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), and finally death [8,[10][11][12].Numerous biochemical and cellular systems involved in sepsis pathogenesis have been studied, both in order to better understand these complex mechanisms, and in the hope of finding new therapeutic targets. The endocannabinoid response system is one of them. Recent studies have shown the involvement of specific endocannabinoid receptors, such as endocannabinoid CB1 receptor and CB2 receptor, as well as their link with important processes in sepsis, such as the immune response, inflammatory response, and redox activity [13]. Furthermore, a series of implications on the epigenetic processes have also been proven, through the change in the microRNAs expression, the microRNAs responsible for the modulation of the immune, and inflammatory systems [14]. It was also shown that by stimulatin...

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Chemical Characterization and Evaluation of the Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oils from Fibre-Type Cannabis sativa L. (Hemp)

Cited by 113 publications

References 31 publications

Antimicrobial Testing of Schinus molle (L.) Leaf Extracts and Fractions Followed by GC-MS Investigation of Biological Active Fractions

Antimicrobial Testing of Schinus molle (L.) Leaf Extracts and Fractions Followed by GC-MS Investigation of Biological Active Fractions

Absolute quantification of terpenes in conifer-derived essential oils and their antibacterial activity

Cannabis Sativa Revisited - Crosstalk between microRNAs Expression, Inflammation, Oxidative Stress and Endocannabinoid Response System in Critically Ill Patients with Sepsis

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