Chemical characterization, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic potentials of Swietenia mahagoni

Abstract

Infectious diseases are the most important cause of death worldwide. Many of these diseases show great resistance to drugs and antibiotics with long-term use. Extracts of some medicinal plants have antimicrobial properties, which can treat and overcome these diseases. Meliaceae is a family of timber trees used extensively in treating many bacterial and fungal diseases, especially Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq. In this study, phytochemical screening, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis, and antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antitumor activities of the methanolic extract of S. mahagoni (L.) leaves were performed. Phytochemical screening exhibited the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, phenols, triterpenoids, glycosides, and tannins. GC/MS analysis exhibited 40 compounds, mainly 7-hexadecene, (Z)-, imidazole-4,5-d2, and 1-acetyl-4,4-bis[4-(3-bromopropoxy)-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl] piperidine. The antibacterial and antifungal potentials of the methanolic extract of S. mahagoni (L.) leaves was investigated using the agar well diffusion technique. Potent antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica, Enterobacter aerogenes, and Proteus vulgaris and antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, and Candida albicans were found. The minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal and fungicidal concentrations ranged from 12.5 to 25 mg/mL. Antioxidant activity was studied using the free radical scavenging assay, and the IC50 value of the leaf extract was 69.9 µg/mL. Cytotoxic activity was screened using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, and the IC50 value was 44.2 µg/mL. These findings suggested the importance of this plant in treating some bacterial and fungal infections and cancer.

Swietenia mahagoni Leaves Extract: Antifungal, Insecticidal, and Phytochemical Analysis

“…However, less activity was observed at a concentration of 15 mg•mL −1 , with IZ ranging from 9.5 to 13.1 mm. Conversely, no antifungal activity was observed against A. fumigatus and C. glabrata [44]. However, our promising antifungal results are consistent with those obtained by previous studies, which showed that the methSM extract was effective against C. albicans and A. niger at a concentration of 100 mg•mL −1 , with IZ ranging from 16 to 20 mm [20].…”

Profiling Key Aroma Compounds of Senecio glaucus L. and their Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities: Multiplex of GC‐MS, NMR and In Silico Studies

“…MIC wells were sub‐cultured in order to determine MBC and MFC. The MBC and MFC values indicated the lowest concentrations of the EO that did not exhibit any microbial growth [96,97] …”

“…The MBC and MFC values indicated the lowest concentrations of the EO that did not exhibit any microbial growth. [96,97] Free radical scavenging Assessments…”

Production, characterization and techno-economic evaluation of Aspergillus fusant l-asparaginase

“…The change in colour of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) from deep violet to pale yellow was monitored spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 517 nm for 3 h. The scavenging effect was calculated using the expression in Eq. 4 (Syame et al 2022 ). …”