Chemical Characterization of PCBs and Dioxins in the Waste PCB Stockpiles

Noma, Yukio; Ishikawa, Yukari; Nose, Kazuo; Minetomatsu, Katsuhide; Takigami, Hidetaka; Sakai, Shin’ichi; Izumisawa, Shuichi; Kaburaki, Yoshiro

doi:10.5985/jec.14.501

Cited by 24 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Another major source of dioxin is leakage of PCB and PCDFs from power distribution transformers. The PCB formulation, which was once commonly used as a coolant and insulation fluid in transformers, is a complex mixture of DL-PCBs (Noma et al, 2004), and PCDFs are formed when PCB is heated or oxidized (Buser et al, 1978).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying the Source of Dioxin in Sediment from Furuayase River, Japan, Based on Specific Congener Profiles

Hosono

Ohtsuka

Minomo

et al. 2014

J. of Wat. ^|^ Envir. Tech.

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A specific dioxin composition was detected in some sediment samples collected from the highly polluted Furuayase River, Japan. The dominant tetrachlorodibenzofuran (TeCDF) congeners in the samples were 1,3,7,3,7,3,7,3,7,. To identify the sources of the pollution with the specific dioxin composition, the dioxin compositions were studied in samples of drainage discharge water, sewage discharge water, and sludge in the sewage works from four chemical factories located in Furuayase River drainage basin. The specific composition was detected in the sewage discharge water and the sludge in the sewage works of one factory. This factory had previously produced 2,4,6-trichlorophenylhydrazine (TCPH) as an intermediate in the synthesis of a photographic medicine. It was investigated whether dioxin impurities were present in commercial TCPH reagents and whether 1,3,7,8-/1,3,7,9-TeCDF by-products might be formed during manufacture of TCPH. The dioxin homologue and congener profiles from one commercial reagent were similar to those of the sewage discharge water and sludge in the sewage works from the aforementioned factory. Our results indicated a possible pathway for the generation of 1,3,7,9-TeCDF during manufacture of TCPH.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying the Source of Dioxin in Sediment from Furuayase River, Japan, Based on Specific Congener Profiles

Hosono

Ohtsuka

Minomo

et al. 2014

J. of Wat. ^|^ Envir. Tech.

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“…29,30 Commercial PCB products have previously been used as heat carriers, dielectric oils, plasticizers and so on, and they also contain dioxins. 31,32 In our previous study, indicative congeners for the above-mentioned four major dioxin sources were identified and an estimation method of the WHO-1998 TEQs originated from each source was proposed by using only the concentrations of four indicative congeners. 33 The sum of the TEQ derived from each source estimated by applying the estimation method to various environmental samples in Japan was in good agreement with the actual TEQ; moreover, the method was proved to satisfactorily estimate the TEQ contributions of the four sources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Simplified Determination Method of Dioxin Toxic Equivalent (TEQ) by Single GC/MS Measurement of Five Indicative Congeners

et al. 2011

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“…[1] PCBs have been widely used in heat exchange fluid, electric insulating oil for transformers and condensers, plasticizers, paint and carbonless copying paper. Such wide-ranging use of PCBs is due to their remarkable characteristics such as chemical and thermal stability, acid-, alkali-and hydrolysis-resistance, water-insolubility, high electrical insulation, high boiling-point, and non-flammability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[12] The PCB formulation is caused by leakage, volatilization or misplacement of PCB waste. [1] Presence of PCB in the environment is also a result of illegal dumping of PCB wastes. If illegally dumped waste oil is found, it should be examined for contamination with PCBs, so as to determine the most appropriate method of treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PCBs and PCDD/DFs in waste oil illegally dumped and neglected for more than 20 years

Honda

Wada

Nakashima

2009

Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A

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Quantification of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated-dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) in waste oil by high resolution gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (HRGC-HRMS), and profiling of their congeners and homologues were described. Waste oil packed in drums which were estimated to have been exposed to the weather for more than 20 years were found by the illegal dumping patrol in 2006.*Address correspondence to Kenichiro Nakashima, Course of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan; Phone: +81-95-819-2450, Fax:-+81-95-819-2450; E-mail: naka-ken@nagasaki-u.ac.jp 2 PCBs were detected in all of 12 waste oil samples examined, with concentrations in the range of 0.0032-22 µg/g. The main pollution sources of the waste oil samples were presumed to be KC300, KC400 and/or KC500 by principal component analysis (PCA) and a chemical mass balance (CMB) method. The concentrations of PCDDs and PCDFs (PCDD/DFs) in the illegally-dumped waste oil ranged from 1.1 to 360 pg/g and 1.3 to 110 pg/g, respectively. The ratios of toxicity equivalency quantity (TEQ) of PCDDs and PCDFs to Co-PCBs were lower than those of Yusho rice oil.Consequently, it was determined that even after 20 years of exposure to the weather, no PCB denaturation occurred. However, it was confirmed that low-chlorinated biphenyls in corroded drums would have evaporated into the atmosphere.

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Chemical Characterization of PCBs and Dioxins in the Waste PCB Stockpiles

Cited by 24 publications

References 15 publications

Identifying the Source of Dioxin in Sediment from Furuayase River, Japan, Based on Specific Congener Profiles

Identifying the Source of Dioxin in Sediment from Furuayase River, Japan, Based on Specific Congener Profiles

A Simplified Determination Method of Dioxin Toxic Equivalent (TEQ) by Single GC/MS Measurement of Five Indicative Congeners

PCBs and PCDD/DFs in waste oil illegally dumped and neglected for more than 20 years

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