Chemical components and pharmacological benefits of Basil (<i>Ocimum basilicum</i>): a review

Shahrajabian, Mohamad Hesam; Sun, Wenli; Cheng, Qi

doi:10.1080/10942912.2020.1828456

Cited by 212 publications

(110 citation statements)

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“…The phytochemical profile of plant differs depending on the extraction method and solvents used to obtain their extracts [ 88 ]. Thus, organic solvents (ethanol, methanol) or hydroalcoholic mixtures are most commonly used for the extraction of phenol, flavonoid compounds [ 89 ]. To obtain volatile compounds steam distillation or cold pressing is most often used [ 90 ].…”

Section: Therapeutic Activities and Mechanisms Of Action For Ocimum Sp And Trifolium Sp Depending Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives on the Combined Effects of Ocimum basilicum and Trifolium pratense Extracts in Terms of Phytochemical Profile and Pharmacological Effects

Mintas

Miere

Fritea

et al. 2021

Plants

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Nowadays, the tendency in pharmaceutical and food industries is to replace synthetic antioxidants with the natural ones. For this reason, there is a growing interest in analyzing natural, healthy and non-toxic additives as potential antioxidants. Some plants, which contain high levels of phenolic compounds, present an increasing interest for medicine due to their ability to scavenge free radicals, along with other pharmacological activities, such as antibacterial activity, wound healing and anti-inflammatory effect, to mention only a few. The aim of this review is to explore the therapeutic potential of Ocimum basilicum and Trifolium pratense in relation with their phytochemical profile and to highlight the pharmacological activity of aqueous or ethanol extracts. Special attention was devoted to the dermal pathology and wound healing effects, in the context of multiple skin conditions such as acne, eczema boils, psoriasis and rashes. Additionally, both extracts (Trifolium sp. and Ocimum sp.) are characterized by high content of antioxidant compounds, which are responsible for the radiance and resistance of the skin and slowing down of the aging process by maintaining estrogen levels. Moreover, the potential combined effect of the mixed extract is pointed out in terms of future applications for wound healing, based on some preliminary results obtained from a “scratch tests” assay performed with respect to human dermal fibroblasts.

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Section: Therapeutic Activities and Mechanisms Of Action For Ocimum Sp And Trifolium Sp Depending Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives on the Combined Effects of Ocimum basilicum and Trifolium pratense Extracts in Terms of Phytochemical Profile and Pharmacological Effects

Mintas

Miere

Fritea

et al. 2021

Plants

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“…Sweet basil ( Ocimum basilicum L.) is an annual herbaceous species of the Lamiaceae family considered among the most popular Mediterranean aromatic and edible herbs ( Shahrajabian et al, 2020 ). The genetic and morphological variability of the Ocimum genus has led to the classification of over 60 species ( Filip, 2017 ), which differ in growth habits, leaf morphology, pigmentation, and aromatic content ( Makri and Kintzios, 2008 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morpho-Physiological Responses and Secondary Metabolites Modulation by Preharvest Factors of Three Hydroponically Grown Genovese Basil Cultivars

et al. 2021

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Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is an economically important leafy vegetable especially in Mediterranean countries. In Italian gastronomy, the large elliptical leaves of the Genovese type are mostly used for the well-known pesto sauce, and almost all (>90%) professional production is for the food industry. The growing demand for fresh leaves with standardized technological and sensory characteristics has prompted basil producers to adopt advanced cultivation methods such as the floating raft system (FRS). The aim of this study was to evaluate the productive, qualitative, and physiological performance of three Genovese basil cultivars (“Aroma 2,” “Eleonora,” and “Italiano Classico”) in two successive harvests and at two densities (159 and 317 plants m–2). Caffeic, chicoric, rosmarinic, and ferulic acid were determined through the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system, whereas the extraction and quantification of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were performed by solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and gas chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer (GC/MS). “Aroma 2” showed the highest fresh yield and photosynthetic rate together with the lowest nitrate content. For all the tested cultivars, the higher density, while reducing the number of leaves per plant, resulted in higher fresh and dry production per unit area, without altering the aroma profile. Successive harvests resulted in a significant increase in both the yield (37.5%) and the total phenolic acids (75.1%) and favored Eucalyptol and 1-octen-3-ol accumulation (+25.9 and +15.1%, respectively). The here presented comprehensive and multifactorial assessment of the productive and qualitative response of basil provides evidence of the positive effects (from biomass to specialized metabolites) that can be obtained from the management of the pre-harvest factors in soilless cultivation. In addition, it also highlights the role and constraints of the genetic factor in the observed response. We also discuss the implications of our work considering the impact for the food processing industry. Future research may explore the phenolic acids accumulation as a possible fortification means to extend the pesto sauce shelf life, reducing the need of added antioxidants and thermal processing.

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“…Despite their large cultural and economic importance, information on the variation of yield and quality traits according to the environment and agronomic management is limited. It is generally assumed that MAPs have been little improved to withstand biotic or abiotic stresses, despite adverse conditions rapidly induce a reduction of biomass yield and secondary compounds [ 3 , 4 ]. It has been also shown in a range of MAPs, that these traits are highly variable, also according to the genotype × environment interaction [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Endophytic Fungi-Based Biostimulant Modulates Volatile and Non-Volatile Secondary Metabolites and Yield of Greenhouse Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) through Variable Mechanisms Dependent on Salinity Stress Level

et al. 2021

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Salinity in water and soil is one of the major environmental factors limiting the productivity of agronomic and horticultural crops. In basil (Ocimum basilicum L., Lamiaceae) and other Ocimum species, information on the plant response to mild salinity levels, often induced by the irrigation or fertigation systems, is scarce. In the present work, we tested the effectiveness of a microbial-based biostimulant containing two strains of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF) and Trichoderma koningii in sustaining greenhouse basil yield traits, subjected to two mild salinity stresses (25 mM [low] and 50 mM [high] modulated by augmenting the fertigation osmotic potential with NaCl) compared to a non-stressed control. The impact of salinity stress was further appraised in terms of plant physiology, morphological ontogenesis and composition in polyphenols and volatile organic compounds (VOC). As expected, increasing the salinity of the solution strongly depressed the plant yield, nutrient uptake and concentration, reduced photosynthetic activity and leaf water potential, increased the Na and Cl and induced the accumulation of polyphenols. In addition, it decreased the concentration of Eucalyptol and β-Linalool, two of its main essential oil constituents. Irrespective of the salinity stress level, the multispecies inoculum strongly benefited plant growth, leaf number and area, and the accumulation of Ca, Mg, B, p-coumaric and chicoric acids, while it reduced nitrate and Cl concentrations in the shoots and affected the concentration of some minor VOC constituents. The benefits derived from the inoculum in term of yield and quality harnessed different mechanisms depending on the degree of stress. under low-stress conditions, the inoculum directly stimulated the photosynthetic activity after an increase of the Fe and Mn availability for the plants and induced the accumulation of caffeic and rosmarinic acids. under high stress conditions, the inoculum mostly acted directly on the sequestration of Na and the increase of P availability for the plant, moreover it stimulated the accumulation of polyphenols, especially of ferulic and chicoric acids and quercetin-rutinoside in the shoots. Notably, the inoculum did not affect the VOC composition, thus suggesting that its activity did not interact with the essential oil biosynthesis. These results clearly indicate that beneficial inocula constitute a valuable tool for sustaining yield and improving or sustaining quality under suboptimal water quality conditions imposing low salinity stress on horticultural crops.

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Chemical components and pharmacological benefits of Basil (Ocimum basilicum): a review

Cited by 212 publications

References 102 publications

Perspectives on the Combined Effects of Ocimum basilicum and Trifolium pratense Extracts in Terms of Phytochemical Profile and Pharmacological Effects

Perspectives on the Combined Effects of Ocimum basilicum and Trifolium pratense Extracts in Terms of Phytochemical Profile and Pharmacological Effects

Morpho-Physiological Responses and Secondary Metabolites Modulation by Preharvest Factors of Three Hydroponically Grown Genovese Basil Cultivars

An Endophytic Fungi-Based Biostimulant Modulates Volatile and Non-Volatile Secondary Metabolites and Yield of Greenhouse Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) through Variable Mechanisms Dependent on Salinity Stress Level

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