Chemical composition and acidity of size-fractionated inorganic aerosols of 2013-14 winter haze in Shanghai and associated health risk of toxic elements

Behera, S. N.; Cheng, Jin; Huang, Xian; Zhu, Qiongyu; Liu, Ping; Balasubramanian, Rajasekhar

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.09.053

Cited by 66 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Although regional haze has been linked to increased respiratory admissions in other countries, it is important to determine the health impact of the annual SEA haze locally . The toxic characteristics of regional haze differs between regions and depends on the source, the components and their concentrations in the ambient air . Therefore a local report to examine the specific composition and its correlation with health outcomes such as respiratory admissions are important.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[4][5][6][7][8][9][10] The toxic characteristics of regional haze differs between regions and depends on the source, the components and their concentrations in the ambient air. [13][14][15][16] Therefore a local report to examine the specific composition and its correlation with health outcomes such as respiratory admissions are important. For example; SEA is related to peatland fire, whilst, the severe haze in Beijing is secondary to emissions from coal-fired power and residential heating during winter months.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Annual Southeast Asia haze increases respiratory admissions: A 2‐year large single institution experience

Ming

Hamid

et al. 2018

Respirology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Annual Southeast Asia haze increases respiratory admissions: A 2‐year large single institution experience

Ming

Hamid

et al. 2018

Respirology

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“…The PM samples collected on the 20th storey were further analyzed for a total of 24 particulate-phase trace elements (Al, As, Ba, Be, Bi, B, Cd, Cs, Cr, Co, Cu, Ga, Fe, Pb, Li, Mn, Ni, Rb, Se, Sn, Te, Tl, Sn, and Zn) using the acid digestion method as reported in previous studies [45,46]. Further details about the analytical method and QA/QC protocols are provided in the SI (figure S1).…”

Section: Chemical Extraction and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(1) Figures S6-S8 show the mean values and standard deviations of the measured concentrations of 24 elements in coarse, accumulation and quasi-UF size ranges outdoors and indoors for the three cases, respectively. For the three cases, the data sets were divided into three distinct categories based on their respective concentrations in the different PM size ranges [46]. This classification showed that (i) trace elements with concentrations >80 ng m −3 were the major elements, (ii) trace elements with concentrations between 1-80 ng m −3 were the sub-major elements, and (iii) trace elements with a concentration <1 ng m −3 were the minor elements.…”

Section: Effectiveness Of Air Cleanermentioning

confidence: 99%

Indoor human exposure to size-fractionated aerosols during the 2015 Southeast Asian smoke haze and assessment of exposure mitigation strategies

Sharma

Balasubramanian

2017

Environ. Res. Lett.

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The 2015 smoke haze episode was one of the most severe and prolonged transboundary air pollution events ever seen in Southeast Asia (SEA), affecting the air quality of several countries within the region including Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore. The 24 h mean outdoor PM 2.5 (particulate matter (PM) with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 m) concentrations ranged from 72-157 g m −3 in Singapore during this episode, exceeding the WHO 24 h mean PM 2.5 guidelines (25 g m −3 ) several times over. The smoke haze episode not only affected ambient air quality, but also indoor air quality due to the migration of PM of different sizes from the outdoor to the indoor environment. Despite the frequent occurrence of smoke haze episodes over the years, their potential health impacts on indoor building occupants remain largely unknown in SEA due to the lack of systematic investigations and observational data. The current work was carried out in Singapore to assess human exposure to size-resolved PM during the 2015 smoke haze episode, and to evaluate the effectiveness of exposure mitigation measures in smoke-haze-impacted naturally ventilated indoor environments. The potential health risks associated with exposure to PM 2.5 were assessed based on the concentrations of redox active particulate-bound trace elements, which are known to be harmful to human health, with and without exposure mitigation. Overall, it was observed that human health exposure to PM 2.5 and its carcinogenic chemical components was reduced substantially by 62% (p < 0.05) while using an air cleaner. However, extremely small hazardous particles were only partially removed by the air cleaner and remain a matter of concern for public health.

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“…emphasized a more contribution from traffic in Shanghai to haze formation than that in Beijing. In addition, there are also some studies about chemical characterization and sources of particles on haze days in Shanghai (Yang et al, 2005;Lin et al, 2014;Behera et al, 2015;Zhang et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Haze Pollution Episodes and Analysis of a Typical Winter Haze Process in Shanghai

Zhao

Xiu

Qiao

et al. 2016

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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One-year field campaign was conducted from July 2013 to August 2014 at the site of East China University of Science and Technology (ECUST) in urban Shanghai, and mass concentrations and chemical compositions of PM 2.5 were measured. Gaseous pollutants (SO 2 , NO 2 ) and meteorological parameters (wind speed, wind direction, pressure, temperature and relative humidity) were simultaneously obtained. In this study, PM 2.5 mass balances on haze and non-haze days were reconstructed and the sum of secondary inorganic aerosols (SIA) and organic matter (OM) accounted for over 80%. The fraction of nitrate in SIA was much higher on haze days than that on non-haze days, while the corresponding fraction of ammonium was lower, implying that the variations of the sources and formation processes of SIA on haze days. In theory, sulfate and nitrate might be almost fully neutralized by ammonium. Moreover, the sulfur oxidation ratio (SOR) values were much higher than the nitrogen oxidation ratio (NOR) values, indicating the greater oxidation capacity of SO 2 would occur. On haze days, the high NOR values could be explained by the relatively low temperature, the high NO 2 concentration and the potential dominant gas-phase reaction. As for secondary organic aerosol (SOA), the formation processes were usually associated with nitrate formation. In winter, haze pollution episodes occurred more frequently than those in other seasons, associated with the different features of wind speed, wind direction and 72-h backward trajectory. In addition, one case from 17 November 2013 to 4 January 2014 was selected to investigate the formation mechanism of haze pollution episodes. The key factors that affected the haze formation might be the local stable synoptic conditions including weak surface wind, surface temperature inversion and high relative humidity, the long-range transportations from the Northwest and the large amounts of emissions from local sources.

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Chemical composition and acidity of size-fractionated inorganic aerosols of 2013-14 winter haze in Shanghai and associated health risk of toxic elements

Cited by 66 publications

References 46 publications

Annual Southeast Asia haze increases respiratory admissions: A 2‐year large single institution experience

Annual Southeast Asia haze increases respiratory admissions: A 2‐year large single institution experience

Indoor human exposure to size-fractionated aerosols during the 2015 Southeast Asian smoke haze and assessment of exposure mitigation strategies

Characteristics of Haze Pollution Episodes and Analysis of a Typical Winter Haze Process in Shanghai

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