Chemical composition and alteration processes of glasses from the Cathedral of León (Spain)

Palomar, Teresa

doi:10.1016/j.bsecv.2017.10.001

Cited by 22 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The glass used as a precursor of the recipes (32), (33), and (34) was a potash‐lime silicate glass produced in the laboratory with the typical chemical composition of Iberian medieval glass (Table ) …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The glass used as a precursor of the recipes (32), (33), and (34) was a potash-lime silicate glass produced in the laboratory with the typical chemical composition of Iberian medieval glass (Table 1). 16,17 The reproductions were made in a Bottom Loading Furnace from Termolab-Fornos el ectricos, Lda. with a power of 8 kW and a maximum operating temperature of 1700°C.…”

Section: Recipes Reproductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Through history, the chemical composition of glass has varied in function of their origin and its access to the raw materials. The analysis of Medieval stained glass windows from Spain showed that they are, in general, potash‐lime silicate glasses, so this type of glass was used for the recipe reproduction (Table ).…”

Section: Glass Reproductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Pigments, vinegar, and blood: Interpretation and reproduction of glassy materials from the medieval manuscript H‐490

Palomar¹,

Hidalgo

Vilarigues³

2018

Int J of Appl Glass Sci

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The research on manuscripts provides useful information about the artistic/technical production and the scientific development in the past. However, the reproduction of the ancient recipes is difficult because most of them are described generally or they hide essential information to preserve the production secrets. In this study, four different recipes from the medieval Manuscript H‐490 (École de Médicine of Montpellier University, France) were reproduced. The raw materials and the production process of each recipe were discussed from the point of view of the glassmaking, and the final products were characterized. The recipe (31) indicated the preparation of a white glaze, similar to Islamic frits. The recipes (32) and (33) explained the preparation of an “unbreakable” glass; however, the characterization of the final products showed that no changes in the hardness of the glass were obtained. And the recipe (34) described the preparation of a green glass which was successfully obtained.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Recipes Reproductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Pigments, vinegar, and blood: Interpretation and reproduction of glassy materials from the medieval manuscript H‐490

Palomar¹,

Hidalgo

Vilarigues³

2018

Int J of Appl Glass Sci

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…for bulk XRF analysis were prepared by grinding body glass fragments, with their most external surfaces removed by polishing, in an agate mortar. After that, pressed boric acid pellets were pointed out that the detachment was mechanical instead of chemical, where the alteration front use to be continue or semispherical (Palomar 2018). It was also observed new fissures inside some cavities as result of the recurrence of the degradation process.…”

Section: Characterization Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental degradation of Modern non-balanced glasses

Palomar¹,

Rodrigues²

2020

GEC

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Crizzling is an alteration pathology related to non-balanced glasses (high content of flux oxides and low content of stabilizer ones), which can produce an intense damage on glasses such as transparency losses, appearance of drops on the surface or cracking. In this work, two case studies (outdoor and indoor environment) were presented. It was observed that the main alteration agent for these glasses was the water (rain, condensation and environmental humidity). In the outdoor environment, the rain washed away the [OH−] ions formed during the alteration; however, the exposure to cyclic conditions accelerated its alteration rate. In the indoor environment, the hygroscopicity of the glasses attracts the environmental humidity and produces the degradation.

show abstract

“…Along with earth-alkali oxides, aluminum oxide is known to be a good stabilizer of glass (Brill, 1962;Pollard & Heron, 2008;Shackelford & Doremus, 2008;Rapp, 2009;Wedepohl, Simon, & Kronz, 2011;Janssens, 2013). This extremely high amount of alumina combined with high calcium would make a durable glass that is not prone to heavy degradation (Farges, Etcheverry, Scheidegger, & Grolimund, 2006;Palomar, 2018). High alumina soda glasses are generally not found frequently, but they are recognized in assemblages such as 2 nd /1 st century BC-5 th century AD glass beads from Sri Lanka and South India (Dussubieux, Gratuze, & Blet-Lemarquand, 2010, tab.…”

Section: Unaltered Fragmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidencing Human Occupation of a Small Island Through Ancient Glass: The Case of Ustica (Palermo, Italy)

2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The subject of this study consists of 17 ancient glass fragments from the island of Ustica (Palermo, Italy) obtained from local museums. All the 17 glass fragments are stratigraphically decontextualized, as they were collected by archaeological surface surveys. Each fragment was analyzed by Electron Micro Probe Analyzer coupled with an Energy Dispersive X-Ray System (EMPA-EDS) and by Laser Ablation-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) to obtain the composition of major, minor and trace elements. Surface analyses revealed the presence of corrosion layers in most of the glass fragments which was evident also in the chemical data. Nevertheless, reconstruction of the glassmaking processes and the approximate period of production was possible for almost all the glass fragments. Less than half of the examined fragments are attributable to recognizable typologies as unguentaria, beakers, bottles, and vases; all the other small fragments are typologically undetermined. Out of 17 fragments only one fragment is of HLLA composition possibly being produced in 17th–18th century AD, while all the others can be attributed to soda glass with different periods of production: natron glass from Roman and Early Medieval period, plant-ash glass from High or Late Medieval period with the exception of possible Byzantine glass from 6th century AD, and synthetic soda glasses typical of modern era. These data confirm the discontinuous habitation of the island from the Roman period as well as the import of glass objects to the island.

show abstract

Chemical composition and alteration processes of glasses from the Cathedral of León (Spain)

Cited by 22 publications

References 14 publications

Pigments, vinegar, and blood: Interpretation and reproduction of glassy materials from the medieval manuscript H‐490

Pigments, vinegar, and blood: Interpretation and reproduction of glassy materials from the medieval manuscript H‐490

Environmental degradation of Modern non-balanced glasses

Evidencing Human Occupation of a Small Island Through Ancient Glass: The Case of Ustica (Palermo, Italy)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About