Chemical composition and antimicrobial activities of the essential oil of (Tunisian) Chrysanthemum trifurcatum (Desf.) Batt. and Trab. flowerheads

Abstract

The chemical composition of essential oil isolated from the flowerheads of Chrysanthemum trifurcatum (Desf.) Batt. and Trab. var. macrocephalum (viv.) Beg. (Asteraceae) by hydrodistillation was analysed by GC and GC/MS. A total of 56 compounds representing 97.48% of the oil were identified: limonene (20.89%), g-terpinene (19.13%), 1,8-cineole (10.64%), b-pinene (8.77%), a-pinene (5.32%), 2-hexenal (4.85%), 4-terpenyl acetate (3.42%), b-myrcene (2.31%), germacrene-B (2.01%), b-spathulenol (1.62%), longifolene (1.39%), a-cadinol (1.39%), a-thujene (1.23%) and b-bourbobene (1.06%) were found to be the major components. Essential oil of flowerheads of C. trifurcatum was tested for antibacterial activity against eight strains, using a microdilution method, and for cytotoxicity and antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus type 1 using a neutral red incorporation method.The oil showed a great potential of antibacterial effect against Staphylococcus epidermidis and Bacillus subtilis, in the inhibition range of 64e66% and IC 50 ranging from 62.5 to 125 mg/ml. On Vero cells, the CC 50 of the oil was 735.9 mg/ml and it did not exhibit a significant antiviral activity. To cite this article: A.

Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activities of Essential Oils of Six Species from Family Myrtaceae

“…The good antimicrobial activity of volatile oils obtained from E. jambolana, C. citrinus and M. communis could be related to high content of αpinene (54.74 %, 34.19 % and 30.73 %); a monoterpene hydrocarbon; well known for its antimicrobial activity but this does not explain effectiveness of in the bioassay which have low α-pinene content.i-e 0.25 % 19,20,21 . Likewise presence of 1,8-cineole; compound with pronounced antimicrobial potentials (28.85, 26.35 and 20.0 % respectively) in appreciable amounts in the essential oils of C. citrinus, M. alternifolia and M. communis could not relate to low antimicrobial activity against some of the microorganisms selected 22 .…”

Flower Extracts and Their Essential Oils as Potential Antimicrobial Agents for Food Uses and Pharmaceutical Applications

“…Further, the same authors have reported on the antimicrobial activity of the essential oil from C. trifurcatum flower heads against 5 Gram‐positive bacteria ( S. epidermidis, Staphylococcus hoemolyticus, Staphylococcus hominis, Staphylococcus simulans , and B. subtilis ) and 3 Gram‐negative bacteria ( E. coli, Hafnia alvei , and Proteus mirabilis ) (Sassi and others 2008b). The broth microdilution method was adopted for assaying antimicrobial activities.…”

“…Chrysanthemum trifurcatum (family: Asteraceae) is an herbal plant bearing small yellow flowers. This plant is widely distributed in Tunisia regions and the plant parts are used for treating constipation, intestinal transit problems, and postdelivery pains (Sassi and others 2008b). The antimicrobial activity of petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, methanol, and hot water extracts of Tunisian Chrysanthemum species against 5 Gram‐positive and 9 Gram‐negative bacteria and 4 yeasts were evaluated by Sassi and others (2008a) by employing agar disc diffusion and microdilution assays.…”

“…The antimicrobial activity of terpenes involves disruption of cell membrane by their lipophilic constituents. Preliminary phytochemical screening on essential oils extracted from the flowers of C. macropodum (Ebrahimabadi and others 2010), C. trifurcatum (Sassi and others 2008b), C. operculatus (Dung and others 2008), L. japonica (Rahman and Kang 2009), and S. rosmarinifolia (Ioannou and others 2007) have shown monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, and their oxygenated derivatives to be major constituents, which contribute substantially to antimicrobial activities.…”

Antifungal Potency of Some Essential Oils in Control of Postharvest Decay of Strawberry Caused byBotrytis cinerea, Rhizopus stoloniferandAspergillus niger

“…Although these approaches have been shown to reduce postharvest rots of fruit and vegetables, each has limitations, that can affect their commercial applicability 10,21 . The essential oils are one of useful plant extracts for the management of fungal rotting of fruit and vegetables, thereby prolonging shelf life 23 . Biologically active natural products have the potential to replace synthetic fungicides 26 .…”