Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oil from seeds of Anethum graveolens growing in Uzbekistan

Abstract

We have previously studied the chemical composition of essential oil (EO) from seeds of Anethum graveolens from Xinjiang Autonomous District in the PRC [1]. The component composition of essential oils is known to depend on the habitat. It seemed interesting to compare the composition and biological activity of EO from dill seeds growing in China and Uzbekistan. We used GC-MS to establish the structures of the isolated compounds.EO from seeds of A. graveolens (2007 harvest) that were collected in Tashkent Oblast was isolated by steam distillation in 4.2% yield. The chemical composition of the EO was studied using a Perkin-Elmer Turbo GC-MS. The component content of the oil was calculated using areas of GC peaks of total ion current without correlation coefficients. EO components were identified by comparing retention times and mass spectra of the component obtained in mass scanning mode and by using mass-spectral library data for standard oil components and pure compounds. A total of 22 chemical compounds was identified in EO of A. graveolens seeds growing in Uzbekistan. Table 1 lists the chemical composition of the EO.The principal EO components from dill seed growing in Uzbekistan were carvone (73.61%), limonene (14.69), cis-dihydrocarvone (5.87), diplaniol (1-allyl-2,5-dimethoxy-3,4-methylenedioxybenzene) (2.16), and 1,2-diethoxyethane (1.43%), which together made up 99.2% of the total EO component composition. The principal components of EO from dill seed growing in China were n-pentacosane (27.96%), dioctylester of 1,2-phenyldicarboxylic acid (25.10), octacosane (13.81), tricosane (9.14), and n-nonacosane (6.85%) [1]. A comparison of our data with that obtained earlier indicated that both the qualitative and quantitative composition of the principal EO components of A. graveolens growing in different geographic zones differed considerably. The high content in the studied EO of carvone, which is widely used as a growth inhibitor of bacteria [2-4] and certain fungi [5] and as a repellent [6] is noteworthy. Both S-(+)-carvone and R-(-)-carvone are used in the food industry to produce flavors [4] and in agriculture. For example, S-(+)-carvone is used in the Netherlands to prevent premature sprouting of potato tubers and tulip bulbs during storage [7,8]. Carvone is an available and inexpensive reagent for organic synthesis in both enantiomeric forms. This makes it attractive for asymmetric synthesis of natural compounds [9].Antimicrobial activity of EO fractions toward Candida albican and Staphylococcus aureus was estimated using the Barry method to determine the minimal inhibiting concentration (MIC) [10]. Growth of microorganisms decreased markedly upon addition of EO to nutrient medium. The experimental results are given below:Complicated mixtures of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes from A. graveolens EO possessed pronounced antimicrobial and fungicidal activities and were a strong barrier against penetration of bacterial and fungal infection in plant seeds during their storage and sprouting. Furthermore, a comp...

Chemical composition of essential oils from the apiaceae family, cytotoxicity, and their antifungal activity in vitro against candida species from oral cavity

“…In the study by Zeng et al (2011), using the broth microdilution technic (MIC), microbiological and histological technics in mice, demonstrated that dill was active in vitro and in vivo against all the Candida species tested. Yili et al (2009), analyzed the MIC through the Barry method, with an ethylene oxide addition, and they found inhibition results of 0.00273 mg.mL -1 in C. albicans, affirming that the yeast growth, sharply decreased with this component addition in the nutrient medium.…”

“…Elevated concentrations of these constituents and their proportions are of great importance in the product efficacy, confirming their properties and medicals applications. However, studies demonstrated that these isolated compounds don't have the same efficacy of the essential oil (Simões et al, 2010;Yili et al, 2009).…”

Antifungal mechanism of essential oil from Anethum graveolens seeds against Candida albicans

“…Dill seed essential oil (DSEO) was used early in the last century to treat many pathological conditions, such as disease of the uterus and cervical ectropio, and as an antimicrobial (Editor Committee of National Chinese Medical Manage Bureau, 2005). Some researchers have reported that DSEO possesses anti- C. albicans activity (Yili et al , 2009; Jirovetz et al , 2003; López et al , 2005). Similarly, our laboratory reported that DSEO (from plant material derived from China) is composed of carvone (41.5 %), limonene (32.6 %) and apiol (16.8 %) (Tian et al , 2011), and has anti- Candida activities in vitro and in vivo (Zeng et al , 2011).…”

Antimicrobial activities of herbal plants from Uzbekistan against human pathogenic microbes

“…The essential oil of Cuminum cyminum L. and Carum carvi L. showed antibacterial activity against various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (Iacobellis et al 2005). C. albicans and S. aureus growth in plates were inhibited by essential oils of A. graveolens (Yili et al 2009). The essential oil derived from Pyrus salicifolia exhibited antimicrobial activity against S. aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and E. coli (Mamadalieva et al 2018).…”

“…The plant extract of Hypericum perforatum collected from the Chatkal Biosphere Reserve of Uzbekistan demonstrated antagonistic activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, E. coli, E. faecalis, K. oxytoca, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and S. aureus (Egamberdieva et al 2013). Yili et al (2009) reported the antimicrobial activity of Anethum graveolens against human pathogens such as Candida albicans and S. aureus. In other studies, Silene wallichiana, Silene viridiflora, and Silene brahuica inhibited several Gram-negative and Gram-positive human pathogenic bacteria (Mamadalieva et al 2008).…”