Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of Ferulago campestris (Besser) Grecescu growing in central Italy

Abstract

Essential oil from the fl owers and leaves of Ferulago campestris (Apiaceae) from two collection sites in central Italy was analysed by GC-FID and GC-MS and 134 constituents were identifi ed and quantifi ed by calculating the response factors of FID. Monoterpene hydrocarbons constituted the main fraction of the fl ower oils, with a-pinene, myrcene and g-terpinene as the major components. Sesquiterpenes gave the major contribution to the essential oils from the leaves, with the oxygenated components more abundant, a-humulene, spathulenol and caryophyllene oxide being the most representative. The antimicrobial activity (as inhibition zone and MIC) of the essential oils from fl owers was evaluated, using a panel of human opportunistic pathogenic bacteria and fungi, by the agar disc diff usion and broth microdilution methods: the Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis (MIC = 155-310 mg/ml) and Enterococcus faecalis (MIC = 310 mg/ml), and the Gram-negative Escherichia coli (MIC = 310-625 mg/ml) were found to be the most susceptible strains.

Chemical Composition and Major Odor-Active Compounds of Essential Oil from PINELLIA TUBER (Dried Rhizome of Pinellia ternata) as Crude Drug

“…Viridene 20 has been reported to be present in the essential oils from the Apiaceae family plants such as, Ligusticum grayi 41 , Ligusticum mutellina 42 , and Meum athamanticum 43 . γ-Vetivenene 79 also has been reported to be present in the essential oil from Vetiveria zizanioides 44 , Vetiveria nigritana 45 , and Ferulago campestris 46 .…”

A study on the essential oil of Ferulago campestris: How much does extraction method influence the oil composition?

“…In this subject, the interest of scientific community is shown on a great number of articles published in which are reported techniques such as microwave‐assisted solvent extraction (MASE) 3, 4, microwave‐assisted hydrodistillation (MAHD) 4–6, solvent‐free microwave extraction (SFME) 7–10, vacuum microwave (VM) 11, 12, compressed air microwave distillation (CAMD) 13, microwave‐accelerated steam distillation (MASD) 14, microwave hydro‐diffusion and gravity (MHG) 15, 16 and finally microwave steam distillation (MSD) 17. However, the composition and consequently the properties of the essential oils extracted through these or conventional methods have been found to vary depending on the method used 9, 10, 16, 18, as well as the aspect linked to the territory 19, 20.…”

“…Previous phytochemical studies on F. campestris revealed the presence of monoterpene coumarins 22; moreover, the composition of the essential oil from a plant growing wild in Turkey was investigated 20. Recently, Maggi et al 19 reported the chemical composition of essential oils obtained by classic hydrodistillation (HD) methods from flowers and leaves of F. campestris collected in two sites in central Italy. The results showed relevant differences compared with the chemical composition reported previously 20.…”

Ferulago nodosa Subsp. geniculata (Guss.) Troia & Raimondo from Sicily (Italy): Isolation of Essential Oil and Evaluation of Its Bioactivity

“…Among monoterpenoids, bornyl acetate (4.6%) and α-pinene (2.9%) were the most representative compounds. The presence of aromatic aldehydes, such as 2,3,6-trimethyl benzaldehyde, is considered a hallmark of several Ferulago species [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ]. It is worth mentioning that these compounds are formed during distillation from the cleavage and molecular rearrangement of ferulol-type monoterpenoids [ 19 ].…”