Chemical composition and antimicrobial properties of different basil essential oils chemotypes from Togo

Abstract

The aerial parts essential oils of Ocimum basilicum (Lamiaceae) from Togo were steam-distilled and investigated for their percentage composition (GC and GC/ MS) and in vitro antimicrobial activities. Five oil chemotypes were identified and classified as follows in line with their principal components: Estragole type; linalool/estragole type; methyleugenol type; methyleugenol/t-anethole type; tanethole type. The in vitro microbiological experiments revealed that only the methyleugenol and methyleugenol/t-anethole chemotypes were active against tested fungi and bacteria. Their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) ranged from 80-150 µL/L and from 200-500 µL/L respectively. Likewise, on tested bacteria the MIC varied from 200-400 µL/L and from 250-500 µL/L respectively. These findings are supportive of the potential of both basil oil chemotypes for use as active ingredients in natural antibiotic drugs.

Essential oil composition of sweet basil cultivars as affected by nitrogen and potassium fertilization

“…The medicinal and aromatic properties of basil are associated with the presence of an essential oil that accumulates in the largest amount in its leaves and flowers. The fresh and dried basil herb is used as an aromatic spice and a source of essential oil, and its main components are also used as plant drugs, since it has antimicrobial (Koba et al 2009) and fungistatic activity (Dambolena et al 2010); moreover, basil oil and its pure components have antimutagenic activity (Stajković et al 2007). Basil oil is a mixture of numerous compounds and its composition is extremely rich and varied.…”

Evaluation of anti-bacterial activity and bioactive chemical analysis of Ocimum basilicum using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) techniques

“…These volatile oils have been applied in perfumery, to inhibit growth of microorganisms, in food preservation and in aromatherapy. The potential uses of O. basilicum, Ocimum canum Ocimum gratissimum and Ocimum sanctum essential oils, particularly as antioxidant and antimicrobial agents have also been explored (Politeo et al, 2007;Koba et al, 2009;Zhang et al, 2009;Hameed et al, 2015c;Altameme et al, 2015b;Hussein et al, 2016a). O. basilicum has been traditionally used for the treatment of many ailments, such as headaches, coughs and diarrhea and it is generally recognized as safe and is a rich source of phenolic antioxidant compounds and flavonoids (Juliani and Simon, 2002).…”

Essential Oil Chemotypes of Three Ocimum Species Found in Sierra Leone and Nigeria

“…The Sierra Leone O. basilicum examined in the present study was clearly identified as the methyl eugenol chemotype (89.7%). This chemotype had been reported in Togo [19] and Turkey [20]. Methyl eugenol has been known in literature as a powerful insect attractant, [7,[21][22][23], known to attract fruit flies from a distance as far as 0.8 km [7].…”