Chemical Composition and Food Potential of Pachymerus nucleorum Larvae Parasitizing Acrocomia aculeata Kernels

Abstract

Insect consumption as food is culturally practiced in various regions of the world. In Brazil, there are more than 130 species of edible insects registered, from nine orders, among which stands out the Coleoptera. The larva of the beetle Pachymerus nucleorum Fabricius, 1792, grows into the bocaiuva fruit (Acrocomia aculeata (Jacq.) Lodd. Ex Mart., 1845), which has proven nutritional quality. The aim of this work was to evaluate the nutritional potential of P. nucleorum larvae compared to bocaiuva kernels for human consumption. Proteins were the second largest portion of the larvae nutritional composition (33.13%), with percentage higher than the bocaiuva kernels (14.21%). The larval lipid content (37.87%) was also high, very close to the kernels (44.96%). The fraction corresponding to fatty acids in the oil extracted from the larvae was 40.17% for the saturated and 46.52% for the unsaturated. The antioxidant activity value was 24.3 uM trolox/g of oil extracted from larvae. The larvae tryptic activity was 0.032±0.006 nmol BAPNA/min. Both the larvae and the bocaiuva kernel presented absence of anti-nutritional factors. These results favor the use of P. nucleorum larvae as food, which are a great protein and lipid sources with considerable concentrations of unsaturated fatty acids compared to the bocaiuva kernel.

Obtaining oil from macauba kernels by ultrasound-assisted extraction using ethyl acetate as the solvent

“…Lauric, oleic and myristic acids were the main fatty acids in the MKO, representing ~80% of the oil composition, giving similar values for the different extraction methods used (p > 0.05). Similar fatty acid profiles for macauba kernel oil were reported by other authors, as can be seen in the papers of Coimbra & Jorge (2011a), Lescano et al (2015), Alves et al (2016) and Oliveira et al (2017).…”

“…The Macauba palm reaches high productivity after 4 years of growth and keeps producing for over 100 years (Navarro-Díaz et al, 2014). The kernel contains from 35% to 52.9% of oil (Hiane et al, 2005;Coimbra & Jorge, 2011a;Lescano et al, 2015) which has a high concentration of saturated fatty acids, of which lauric acid represents 31.6% to 50% of the fatty acid composition (Coimbra & Jorge, 2012;Lescano et al, 2015;Alves et al, 2016;Río et al, 2016;Oliveira et al, 2017).…”

Simultaneous extraction of the oil from the kernel and pulp of macauba fruit using a green solvent

“…Da Silva, Garcia, Arroyo, and Da Silva (2017) As can be seen in Table 5, the fatty acid composition of the kernel oil showed high concentrations of saturated fatty acids (56.43%) followed by unsaturated fatty acids (40.14%). Lauric acid predominated, followed by oleic acid, and similar results have been reported by Alves et al (2016), Lescano et al (2015), and Silva et al (2016).…”

“…In literature, were found works for the extraction of MKO using ultrasonic assisted extraction (Rosa et al, 2019), Soxhlet extractor (Alves, Argandoña, Linzmeier, Cardoso, & Macedo, 2016;Dário et al, 2018;Lescano et al, 2015;Lieb et al, 2019;Oliveira et al, 2017;Rosa et al, 2019), pressurized fluids (Trentini et al, 2019), and pressing (César et al, 2015;Río et al, 2016). The same techniques were used to obtain the MPO (César et al, 2015;Dário et al, 2018;Lescano et al, 2015;Río et al, 2016;Rodrigues et al, 2017;Trentini et al, 2019;Valério-Prates, Celayeta, & Cren, 2019).…”

Physical-Chemical Composition, Fatty Acid Profile and Sensory Attributes of Meat of Lambs Fed With Saccharine Sorghum Silage

“…The fatty acid profile was analysed on samples of the longissimus thoracis et lumborum muscles, which were lyophilised for 72 h, and the total lipids were extracted with a chloroform/methanol mixture (section 2.10), according to Kempinski et al (2017). The fatty acids compositions were determined by gas chromatography, using a gas chromatograph with an ionisation detector flame (Alves, Argandoña, Linzmeier, Cardoso, & Macedo, 2016). For elution, a 100 m × 0.25 mm × 0.2 μm fused silica capillary column was used.…”