Chemical Composition and Insecticidal Activity of the Essential Oil of Artemisia eriopoda against Maize Weevil, Sitophilus zeamais

Abstract

In our screening program for new agrochemicals from local wild plants, Artemisia eriopoda was found to possess insecticidal activities against the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais. The essential oil of the aerial parts of A. eriopoda was obtained by hydrodistillation and investigated by GC and GC-MS. The main components of the essential oil are germacrene D (21.6%) and eucalyptol (14.2%). The essential oil possesses fumigant toxicity against S. zeamais adults with a LC 50 value of 11.5 mg/L air and also shows contact toxicity against S. zeamais adults with a LD 50 value of 24.8 μg/adult, respectively.

Identification of Insecticidal Constituents from the Essential Oil from the Aerial Parts Stachys riederi var. japonica

“…However, compared with the other essential oils with similar bioassays in previous studies, the essential oil of S. riederi var. japonica exhibited stronger or the same level of fumigant toxicity against maize weevils and booklice, e.g., essential oils of Ainsliaea fragrans [ 29 ], Aster ageratoides [ 30 ], Curcuma wenyujin [ 31 ], Cyperus rotundus [ 31 ], Murraya exotica [ 32 ], Illicium simonsii [ 33 ], Rhododendron anthopogonoides [ 34 ], and several Artemisia species [ 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 ]. The above findings suggest that that insecticidal activity, and especially the fumigant activity of the essential oil of S. riederi var.…”

GC‐MS Analysis of Insecticidal Essential Oil of Aerial Parts of Echinops latifolius Tausch

“…However, compared with the other essential oils in the literature using the same bioassay, the essential oil of E. latifolius aerial parts possessed stronger or the same level of contact toxicity against S. zeamais adults, for example, essential oils of Artemisia lavandulaefolia, A. sieversiana, A. capillaris, A. mongolica, A. vestita, and A. eriopoda (LD 50 = 55.2 g/adult, 113.0 g/adult, 106.0 g/adult, 87.9 g/adult, 50.6 g/adult, and 24.8 g/adult, resp.) [24][25][26][27], essential oil of Schizonpeta multifida (30.2 g/adult) [28], essential oil of Aster ageratoides (27.2 g/adult) [29], essential oil of Illicium simonsii fruits (LD 50 = 112.7 g/adult) [30], and essential oil of Cayratia japonica (LD 50 = 44.5 g/adult) [31].…”

“…The commercial grain fumigant, methyl bromide (MeBr), was reported to have fumigant activity against S. zeamais adults with an LC 50 value of 0.67 mg/L [1]; thus the essential oil was 15 times less toxic to S. zeamais adults compared with MeBr. However, compared with fumigant activity of the other essential oils in the literature using the same bioassay, the essential oil of E. latifolius exhibited stronger or the same level of fumigant toxicity against S. zeamais adults, for example, essential oils of S. multifida [28], Kadsura heteroclite [32], Murraya exotica [13], Ostericum grosseserratum [33], Saussurea nivea [34], and Illicium pachyphyllum [35] and several essential oils from genus Artemisia [ [24][25][26][27]. Moreover, insecticidal activity of 1,8-cineole, (Z)--ocimene, and -pinene (main constituents of the studied essential oil) against grain storage insects had been reported [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46].…”

GC-MS analysis of insecticidal essential oil of flowering aerial parts of Saussurea nivea Turcz

“…However, compared with the other essential oils in the literature, the essential oil of S. nivea flowering aerial parts possessed stronger contact toxicity against S. zeamais adults, e.g. essential oils of Artemisia lavandulaefolia A. sieversiana A. capillaries A. mongolica A. vestita and A. eriopoda (LD 50  = 55.2 μg/adult, 113.0 μg/adult, 106.0 μg/adult, 87.9 μg/adult, and 50.6 μg/adult, 24.8 μg/adult, respectively) [21-24], essential oil of Schizonpeta multifida (30.2 μg/adult) [25], essential oil of Illicium simonsii fruits (LD 50  = 112.7 μg/adult) [26] and essential oil of Cayratia japonica (LD 50  = 44.5 μg/adult) [27]. …”

“…However, compared with fumigant activity of the other essential oils in the literature, the essential oil of A. igniaria exhibited stronger fumigant toxicity against S. zeamais adults, e.g. essential oils of S. multifida [25], Kadsura heteroclite [13] , Murraya exotica [28], and several essential oils from Genus Artemisa [21-24]. Moreover, one of the main constituent compounds, (+)-limonene has been commercialized for use as flea dips and shampoos for pets as well as sprays and aerosols [29] and was used to prepare for durable insect repellent cotton fabric [30].…”