Chemical composition and insecticidal effects of the essential oil of cardamom,Elettaria cardamomumon the tomato leaf miner,Tuta absoluta

Abstract

Tuta absoluta is one of the key pests of Solanaceae family in the world. This insect is an oligophagous pest and its larva causes damage on the host plants by feeding on leaf, stem and fruit of them. In the current study, chemical composition and insecticidal activities of the essential oil from cardamom, Elettaria cardamomum on egg, the 2nd larval instars and adults of T. absoluta were evaluated. Results indicated that oil is toxic to the T. absoluta. The major components in the oil were as follow: terpinenyl acetate (36.61%), 1,8-cineole (30.42%), linalyl acetate (5.79%) and sabinene (4.85%). LC50 values for eggs, larvae and adults were 351.19, 7.88, 1.55 and 1.88 ml L À1 air, respectively. The tomato leaf miner (TLM), T. absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), is a important pest on tomato, potato and other Solanaceous with a huge economic importance. TLM can be regarded as a serious threat to tomato production in Iran. TLM larvae cause about 100% losses by attacking tomato leaves, flowers, stems and especially fruits. The discovery of active compounds that are less persistent will be beneficial to both the environment and agricultural product consumers. Management of the pest can be problematic, especially when the infestation pressure is high. The utilization of natural compounds such as plant essential oils is considered as a alternatives to chemical pesticides because of their lower toxicity on the non-target and low persistence in the environment. In the present study, the chemical composition and insecticidal activities of the essential oil from cardamom, E. cardamomum (Maton) (Zingiberales: Zingiberaceae) on egg, the 2nd larval instars and adults of T. absoluta were evaluated. The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation method, using a modified clevenger-type apparatus. Experiments were performed at 27 ± 2 C, 65 ± 5% RH and 16 L:8D h photoperiods. Results showed that the essential oil of E. cardamomum is toxic to T. absoluta. The major components in the oil were a-terpinyl acetate (36.61%), 1,8-cineole (30.42%), linalyl acetate (5.79%) and sabinene (4.85%). Probit analysis showed that the LC 50 values for eggs, 2nd larval instar (inside leaf, outside leaf) and adults were 351.19, 7.88, 1.55 and 1.88 ml L À1 air, respectively. The overall results showed that cardamom essential oil has high potential in controlling TLM, especially in protected areas.

Essential Oil Profile Diversity in Cardamom Accessions From Southern India

“…Two sesquiterpene constituents, cardinen and nerolidol, and a phenol derivative of p-cresol were also identified (Table 2). Different chemotypes have been reported from CEO richness of 1,8-cineole, α-terpinyl acetate, α-terpineol, β-terpineol, βmyrcene, sabinene, β-linalool, α-terpinyl acetate, geranyl acetate, limonene, nerol, and linalyl acetate was reported by several workers (Miniraj et al, 2000;Murugan et al, 2002Murugan et al, , 2005Kumar et al, 2005;Kaskoos et al, 2006;Goudarzvand Chegini and Abbasipour, 2017;Alagupalamuthirsolai et al, 2019;Ashokkumar et al, 2019). To find out the similarity of oil composition among the 22 cardamom accessions, a hierarchical cluster analysis was carried out based on the composition of its major constituents (Figure 3).…”

Acaricidal Efficacy of Jasmine and Lavender Essential Oil or Mustard Fixed Oil against Two-Spotted Spider Mite and Their Impact on Growth and Yield of Eggplants

“…The acaricidal effect of EO or FO was due to a number of them being selective and biodegradable, and showing a little deleterious impact on non-target biota. EO contains several bioactive compounds, i.e., terpenoids, that possibly exert a regulatory or inhibiting effect on insect life processes [37,38]. Several terpenoids have been revealed to exert acaricidal action, and some constituents are presently utilized commercially as acaricides or repellents [39].…”

Phenological growth stages of cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum Maton): Detailed identification and description using the extended BBCH scale

“…In addition to culinary uses, the presence of several compounds in essential oils makes cardamom a perfect candidate for medicinal uses. Compounds such as 1,8‐cineole, α‐terpinyl acetate, α‐terpineol, sabinene and nerol (Ashokkumar, Murugan, Dhanya, Raj, & Kamaraj, 2020), linalyl acetate, linalool and geraniol (Chegini & Abbasipour, 2017; Singh et al, 2008) and several flavonoids and carotenoids have huge potential in medicine (Ashokkumar, Murugan, Dhanya & Warkentin, 2020). In addition, several fatty acids, such as myristic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, α‐linolenic acid, arachidic acid and eicosenoic acid (Parry et al, 2006) also impart health benefits.…”