Chemical composition and mass closure for PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ aerosols at K‐puszta, Hungary, in summer 2006

Abstract

A comprehensive chemical aerosol characterisation was carried out at K-puszta, Hungary, from 24 May until 29 June 2006. Up to 11 June it was unusually cold at the site, but from 12 June onwards it was warm. PM 2.5 and PM 10 samplers with Nuclepore polycarbonate filters and quartz fibre filters were deployed in parallel for mostly day and night collections. All samples were analysed for the particulate mass (PM) by weighing. The Nuclepore polycarbonate filters were analysed for up to 29 elements by particle-induced x-ray emission spectrometry (PIXE) and for major anions and cations by ion chromatography. The quartz fibre filters were analysed for organic and elemental carbon by a thermal-optical transmission technique. The atmospheric concentrations of the PM and most species and elements were higher during the warm period than during the cold one. Aerosol chemical mass closure calculations were done for the PM 2.5 and PM 10 aerosols. As gravimetric PM data we used the data from the Nuclepore polycarbonate filters. For reconstituting this PM, eight aerosol components were considered. Organic matter contributed by far the most to the PM 2.5 and PM 10 PM; it was responsible for 40-50% of the average PM. Noteworthy were the much larger percentages of crustal matter during the warm period than during the cold one. In the PM 2.5 aerosol, crustal matter accounted for 17% of the average PM during the warm period, but only for 3.1% during the cold period. For the PM 10 aerosol, the percentages were 28% in the warm period and 10% in the cold one.

Contribution from Selected Organic Species to PM2.5 Aerosol during a Summer Field Campaign at K-Puszta, Hungary

“…Whereas it was very hot and dry during the entire 2003 campaign, the 2006 campaign was characterised by two distinct periods, with the first half of the campaign (24 May-11 June) unusually cold and the second half (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29) warm. The average temperatures and associated standard deviations during the cold period were 16.9 ± 2.6 • C and 11.3 ± 2.4 • C during the daytime and night-time samplings, respectively, and during the warm period 27.4 ± 3.1 • C and 18.5 ± 3.5 • C, respectively.…”

“…The average temperatures and associated standard deviations during the cold period were 16.9 ± 2.6 • C and 11.3 ± 2.4 • C during the daytime and night-time samplings, respectively, and during the warm period 27.4 ± 3.1 • C and 18.5 ± 3.5 • C, respectively. The air masses often originated over the North Sea and/or the Atlantic Ocean during the cold period, whereas during the warm period they had a continental character and were more stagnant [22]. Table 1 shows the medians and interquartile concentration ranges (in ppbv) for selected VOCs for the daytime and night-time periods of the cold and warm periods.…”

EUCAARI ion spectrometer measurements at 12 European sites – analysis of new particle formation events

“…The station is located on a forest clearing; the surrounding forest contains both deciduous and coniferous trees (Horváth and Sutton, 1998). The site is exposed to polluted continental air masses associated with higher particulate matter and trace gas concentrations (Maenhaut et al, 2008). In contrast, the air masses from the northwest over the North Sea or the Atlantic Ocean transport colder, cleaner air over the K-puszta site.…”

Levoglucosano e íons solúveis em água no material particulado atmosférico MP10 e MP2,5. caracterização de sítios Sul-Americanos

“…Os compostos químicos típicos encontrados, em diversas regiões, na fase particulada são: sulfato, nitrato, amônio, carbono elementar, material orgânico, metais traços (Pb, Fe, Al, Si, Ni dentre outros), minerais, e constituintes do sal marinho (Puxbaum et al, 2004;Viana et al, 2007;Maenhaut et al, 2008;Mkoma et al, 2009). …”

“…Embora os estudos sobre a caracterização da atmosfera e composição química do material particulado ocorra em vários locais ao redor do mundo, a proporção das emissões primárias de espécies orgânicas perante os compostos secundários ainda precisa ser melhor entendida (Saarikoski et al, 2007;Maenhaut et al, 2008;Rastogi e Sarin, 2009).…”