“…These include: (1) progressive decline in the number of intact or normal glomeruli with age [142], (2) increase in the number/percentage of globally sclerotic glomeruli, especially those of the outer cortical regions initially [143][144][145][146][147][148], (3) abnormal glomeruli with shunts between the afferent and efferent arterioles bypassing the (especially juxtamedullary) glomeruli [149], (4) progressive decrease, and then later increase, in the size of intact glomeruli (especially the juxtamedullary glomeruli) [150,151], (5) Focal or diffuse thickening of the glomerular basement membranes [152][153], (6) increased mesangial volume/matrix-sclerosis [132-134, 138, 140, 141], and recently, (7) decreased number of glomeruli related directly to birth weight which would predispose the kidney to the condition(s) of aging [154]. Often the increase in mesangial matrix directly correlates with the GBM thickening (although not necessarily with proteinuria).…”