Chemical composition and toxic trace element composition of some Nigerian edible wild mushrooms

Abstract

Two essential amino acids (methionine and tryptophan); anti-nutritional factors (tannin and trypsin inhibitor) and toxic elements (Pb, Cd, Ni, As, Hg and Cr) were determined spectrophotometrically from five edible wild mushrooms. The tryptophan content was between 1.00 and 1.82 g (100 g) )1 but methionine was low at 0.26-1.38 g (100 g) )1 . Tannin content was high (30.3-40.0 mg g )1 ) but trypsin inhibitor was low (22.0-39.5 TIU g )1 ). Trace elements analysis reviled Pb (0.34-5.06 mg kg )1 ) to be the highest of all the trace elements. Cd was (0.06-1.70 mg kg )1 ), Ni (0.26-2.08 mg kg )1 ), As (0.17-0.92 mg kg )1 ), Hg (0.01-0.05 mg kg )1 ) and Cr (0.04-0.22 mg kg )1 ). These mushrooms are nutritious but must be well processed to eliminate or at least reduce the levels of tannin and Pb to improve their nutritional values.

Response of Weaner Pigs to Graded Levels of Sickle Pod (Senna obtusifolia) Leaf Meal in Diets

“…The variations in some of the proximate composition might be attributed to differences caused by environmental and genetic factors as earlier reported by Santosh et al (2017). The crude protein content of Senna obtusifolia leaves are close to the range of (21-30%) for many leafy vegetables as reported by Lucas (1988) and Falade et al (2004).…”

Market Survey and Risk Assessment for Trace Metals in Edible Fungi and the Substrate Role in Accumulation of Heavy Metals

“…Nevertheless, heavy metals such as Cd, Pb, Hg, and As, which are nonessential metals and will be toxic over periods of long exposure even at trace levels, also accumulate at certain levels in fungi (Sesli and Tüzen ; Zhang and others ; Chen and others ; Ouzouni and others ; Yin and others ; Severoglu and others ). When the intake of these metals is excessive or when concentration levels are above thresholds, they can cause morphological abnormalities and reduced growth in human bodies, and may increase mortality and the possibilities of mutagenic effects (Falade and others ). As such, it is useful and necessary to investigate the metal contents of fungi.…”

Determination of the Metals by ICP‐MS in Wild Mushrooms from Yunnan, China

“…The nutritional values of trace elements, such as Fe, Zn, Mg, and Mn that play an essential role in biological processes are found at considerable higher contents in wild‐grown mushrooms, whereas nonessential elements, such as cadmium, lead, and arsenic are toxic in long exposure even in traces levels (Ouzouni and others 2009). Trace elements in human, whether essential or nonessential, above threshold content levels, can induce morphological malformation, decrease viability, and increase mutagenic effects (Falade and others 2008). Thus, information on levels of trace elements in wild‐grown edible mushroom is useful for consumers who consume those wild‐grown edible mushrooms, especially in remote rural area.…”