Chemical Composition and Toxicity of the Essential Oils of Lippia Citriodora From Two Different Locations Against Rhyzopertha Dominica and Tribolium Castaneum

Abstract

The lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.), and the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), are among broad-based damaging insect pests of agricultural stored products. Because of several side-effects of conventional chemical insecticides to the human health, non-target organisms, and environment, searching for and introducing healthy, inexpensive, accessible and efficient agents is necessary. In the present study, chemical profiles and fumigant toxicity of the essential oils isolated from L. citriodora against R. dominica and T. castaneum were evaluated. Chemical compositions of L. citriodora essential oils from two different Iranian regions including Germi and Parsabad was evaluated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and it was found that the terpenic compounds such as caryophyllene oxide, citral, limonene, and neral has the high amount in both oil. Some components such as sabinene, sulcatone, and β-ocimene were only identified in the essential oil from Germi region while some others such as verbenone, camphor, borneol with considerable amount in Parsabad region had not any trace in Germi' origin essential oil. The results of bioassays showed that the essential oils of L. citriodora from both regions had significant fumigant toxicity against the adults of R. dominica and T. castaneum. In general, essential oils' concentrations and exposure times had direct positive effects on the observed mortality. According to the results of present study, the terpene rich L. citriodora essential oils from two Iranian regions (Germi and Parsabad) have a high potential for the management of R. dominica and T. castaneum.

Evaluation of the Toxicity of Satureja intermedia C. A. Mey Essential Oil to Storage and Greenhouse Insect Pests and a Predator Ladybird

“…The adults of R. dominica were also susceptible to the fumigation of essential oils extracted from Eucalyptus globulus Labill (24-h LC 50 = 3.529 μL/L), Lavandula stoechas L. (24-h LC 50 = 5.660 μL/L), and Apium graveolens L. (24-h LC 50 = 53.506 μL/L) [ 37 , 38 ]. The fumigation of the essential oils of Lippia citriodora Kunth (24-h LC 50 = 37.349 μL/L), Melissa officinalis L. (24-h LC 50 = 19.418 μL/L), and Teucrium polium L. (24-h LC 50 = 20.749 μL/L) resulted in significant mortality in T. castaneum [ 39 , 40 , 41 ]. The essential oils of Schinus molle L. (48-h LC 50 = 806.50 μL/L) and Artemisia sieberi Besser (24-h LC 50 = 33.80 μL/L) also had notable fumigant toxicity against the adults of T. granarium [ 42 , 43 ].…”

“…The fumigant toxicity of some plant-derived essential oils against O. surinamensis, R. dominica, T. castaneum and T. granarium has been documented in previous studies; it was found that the essential oils of Agastache foeniculum (Pursh) Kuntze, Achillea filipendulina Lam., and Achillea millefolium L. with respective 24-h LC 50 values of 18.781, 12.121, and 17.977 µL/L, had high toxicity on the adults of O. surinamensis [31,[34][35][36]. The adults of R. dominica were also susceptible to the fumigation of essential oils extracted from Eucalyptus globulus Labill (24-h LC 50 [39][40][41]. The essential oils of Schinus molle L. (48-h LC 50 = 806.50 µL/L) and Artemisia sieberi Besser (24-h LC 50 = 33.80 µL/L) also had notable fumigant toxicity against the adults of T. granarium [42,43].…”

Kinetic-thermodynamic study of the oxidative stability of Arbequina olive oils flavored with lemon verbena essential oil

“…Table 1 shows that the most abundant chemotypes are αand β-citral (51.35 ± 0.08% and 23.86 ± 0.04%, respectively), followed by geraniol (6.16 ± 0.01%) and geranyl acetate (5.95 ± 0.02%). It should be remarked that the number of identified compounds and their relative abundance greatly depend on the EO extraction conditions, storage conditions, harvest periods and geographical origin, being limonene, citral, caryophyllene, neral and/or geranial the most commonly found (Elechosa et al, 2017;Farahmandfar, Asnaashari, Pourshayegan, Maghsoudi, & Moniri, 2018;Ishkeh, Asghari, Shirzad, Alirezalu, & Ghasemi, 2019;Kizil et al, 2018;Ebadollahi and Razmjou, 2019;Krzyśko-Łupicka, Sokół, & Piekarska-Stachowiak, 2020).…”