Chemical composition, antibacterial and antifungal activities of the Cedrus atlantica (Endl.) Manettiex Carrière seeds essential oil

Abstract

The Atlas cedar is an endemic species of the African North Mountains. The goal for which this work was conducted is to determine the chemical composition and to study the antibacterial and the antifungal activity of the hydrodistilized essential oil from both the winged and wingless seeds of the High Atlas Cedrus atlantica (Morocco). The essential oil is analyzed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography mass spectrometry. The essential oil yields of winged as well as wingless seeds were respectively 2.6% and 3.6%.The main constituents of the cedar wingless seeds are the α-pinene, the manool, and the bornyl acetate; whereas, the major constituents of the cedar winged seeds are the manool and the α-pinene. The antibacterial and antifungal activities of the essential oils were tested on four bacteria, three molds and four fungi of wood rot. The fungal strains tested were revealed more sensitive to the essential oil studied than the bacterial strains.

Ethnobotanical Study of Three Medicinal and Aromatic Species: Satureja Nepeta, Myrtus Communis and Pistacia Lentiscusfrom Masmouda Town (Ouazzane Province: Morocco).

“…This information is coherent with assertion of R. Rhafouri et al, (2014) [22]. Results depicted in figure 4, showed that men (69%) are more knowledgeable than women (31%) about traditional phytotherapy.…”

“…Men are used to collect medicinal plants from dangerous places therefore they benefit from these plants to relieve pain and remain healthy. This observation has also been made at a national scale by other authors in their ethnobotanical studies [22].…”

Chemical Composition, Antioxidant, In Vitro and In Situ Antimicrobial, Antibiofilm, and Anti-Insect Activity of Cedar atlantica Essential Oil

“…Satrani et al [ 43 ] also concluded that C. atlantica essential oil has antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, B. subtilis , Micrococcus luteus , and Staphylococcus aureus . A similar study demonstrated that the essential oils derived from Atlas cedar winged and wingless seeds were able to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli at a concentration of 1/100 v / v [ 44 ]. C. atlantica essential oil in our study showed weak antifungal activity.…”

Natural durability of Cedrus atlantica wood related to the bioactivity of its essential oil against wood decaying fungi

“…This is slightly higher than that obtained by the steam stripping distillation (2,4%) reported by Aberchane et al 2001. The yields of Cedar wood essential oil varies greatly depending on the forest source (Aberchane et al 2004), and the part of tree used (Derwich et al 2010, Rhafouri et al 2014. Indeed, distillation needles yielded about 1,8 % while the seeds gave yields between 2,6 and 3,6% (Derwich et al 2010).…”

“…While the major components of the essential oil of the non-winged seeds were α-pinene (46,16%), manool (25,47%), bornyl acetate (10,18%), β-pinene (5,95%) and α-terpinene (2,71%), those of winged seeds essential oil were manool (49,02%) , α-pinene (40,82%), 6-comphenol (2,52%) and β-pinene (2,13%) (Derwich et al 2010, Rhafouri et al 2014. Essential oils extracted from small branches of C. atlantica originated from different localities of Corsica were also dominated by α-pinene (up to 79,4%), himachalol (up to 66,2%), β-pinene (up to 21,49%), β-himachalene (up to 19,3%), γ-himachalene (up to 11,0%), and α-himachalene (up to 10,9%) (Paoli et al 2011).…”