Chemical composition, antifungal and antioxidant activity of Pelargonium graveolens essential oil

Abstract

The present study describes the chemical composition, antifungal and antioxidant activity of Pelargonium graveolens essential oil. The essential oil profile was determined by GC and GC-MS. The main compounds were citronellol (24.54%), geraniol (15.33%), citronellyl formate (10.66%) and linalool (9.80%). Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimal fungicidal concentrations (MFC) were recorded using the microdilution and macrodilution methods. Commercial antimycotic bifonazol was used as a control. The concentration of 0.25-2.5 mg/ml showed fungicidal activity. The most resistant fungi were Mucor mucedo and Aspergillus species. The antioxidant activity of pure essential oil was evaluated by means of the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil (DPPH) radical assay. The essential oil of P. graveolens was able to reduce DPPH radicals into the natural DPPH-H form, and this activity was dose-dependent. The oil exhibited antioxidant activity and reduced DPPH to 50% at EC50 value of 0.802 mg/ml of oil solution.

Evaluation of Chemical Composition of Essential Oils Derived from Different Pelargonium Species Leaves

“…The literature report (Table 2) that oxygenated monoterpenes constitute the main group in every obtained essential oil (e.g. citronellol, geraniol, linalool or citronellyl formate) [5,11,19]. Comparing the available data (Table 2), all the studies show that for P. graveolens essential oil, citronellol is present in the most significant amount, reaching 37.5 % of the total oil of the plant growing in Tajikistan in Sharopov et al [20] research.…”

“…P. graveolens is an aromatic and hairy shrub, erect up to 1-1.3 m tall and 1 m spread with soft to the touch and carved leaves, and usually small, pink flowers. It's essential oil yield is high and varies from 0.1-0.9 % v/w [13,19]. The oil is obtained from leaves, flowers and stalks [21].…”

“…This oil has been found to stimulate lymphatic system which in combination with diuretic properties is excellent in the fight against cellulite and fluid retention in the body. Pelargonium essential oil helps with heavy menstrual flows or hemorrhoids and many other diseases [19,20]. Major volatiles in P. graveolens essential oil composition are citronellol, geraniol, linalool, citronellyl formate, methone, isomenthone and nerol [21,22].…”

Essential oil composition and antimicrobial potential of aromatic plants grown in the mid-hill conditions of the Western Himalayas

“…The essential oil components of P. graveolens in the present study showed the highest amount of components such as citronellol (43.35 ± 0.48%) followed by menthan-2-one < cis-ρ- > (12.67 ± 0.06%), citronellyl formate (20.99 ± 1.73%), eudesmol < 10-epi-γ- > (2.71 ± 0.27%), rose oxide B (2.54 ± 0.05%), citronellyl propanoate (2.26 ± 0.10%), and citronellyl butanoate (1.58 ± 0.10%) while geraniol content was relatively low (< 0.50% not shown in data). Earlier studies also reported citronellol, geraniol, citronellyl formate, linalool, geranyl formate, menthone, isomenthone, and cis-rose oxide as major essential oil constituents 55 . However, N. cataria recorded nepetalactone < 4aα,7α,7aβ- > as a major essential oil constituent (91.43 ± 0.30%) followed by citronellyl propanoate (2.25 ± 0.02%) in Western Himalayan growing conditions.…”

River Tea Tree Oil: Composition, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities, and Potential Applications in Agriculture

“…Therefore, substitutes to chemical control are much needed now. Allelo-chemical compounds like plant extracts and essential oils are proposed as good alternatives [113] because they are biodegradable and less toxic to the environment [114]. The herbicidal effect of tea tree oil from M. bracteata was assessed by applying it on Panicum virgatum, Digitaria longiflora, Stachytarpheta indica, and Aster subulatus.…”