Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial and Antiparasitic Screening of the Essential Oil from Phania matricarioides (Spreng.) Griseb.

Abstract

Essential oils (EOs) have gained increasing attention due to their pharmacological effectiveness, and they also constitute some of the most popular natural products. In this study, we present the chemical characterization of the EO from Phania matricarioides and the in vitro activity/selectivity against a wide panel of bacteria, fungi and parasitic protozoa. Forty-five compounds were identified in the studied EO, of which lavandulyl acetate (40.1%) and thymyl isobutyrate (13.9%) were the major components. The EO did not inhibit bacterial or fungal growth at the maximum concentration tested (64 µg/mL), although it displayed activity on all evaluated protozoa (IC50 values ranging from 2.2 to 56.6 µg/mL). In parallel, the EO demonstrated a noteworthy cytotoxic activity against peritoneal macrophages (CC50 values of 28.0 µg/mL). The most sensitive microorganism was Trypanosoma cruzi, which had a superior activity (IC50 = 2.2 µg/mL) and selectivity (SI = 13) in respect to other parasitic protozoa and the reference drug (p < 0.05). Further in vivo studies are needed to evaluate the potential use of this EO and the main compounds as antitrypanosomal agents. To our knowledge, this is the first report of chemical characterization and antimicrobial assessment of the EO from P. matricarioides.

Chemical composition, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative activities of the essential oil of Cymbopogon nardus, a plant used in traditional medicine

“…Essential oils (EOs) are compounds extracted from aromatic plants. Their volatile constituents have been widely used for bactericidal purposes [8,9], virucidal [10], fungicidal [11], antiparasitical [12], insecticidal [13], anticancer [14,15], antioxidant [15], antidiabetic [16], cardiovascular [17], and cosmetic and food applications [18]. Aromatic grasses of the genus Cymbopogon (Poaceae family) represent a unique group of plants that produce a diverse composition of rich monoterpene EOs [19,20].…”

Bioactive Essential Oils from Cuban Plants: An Inspiration to Drug Development

“…In parallel, the antiplasmodial activity was also relevant in the studied series. In this case, essential oils from P. aduncum [40], P. amboinicus [32], P. matricarioides [22] and P. ossanum [54] were active against Plasmodium falciparum. Other reports based on the essential oil from Alpinia zerumbet (Pers.)…”

“…Relevant antiprotozoal activity also includes the antitrypanosomal potential of essential oils from: (i) C. linearis against Trypanosoma cruzi [28]; (ii) M. leucadendra [36] and P. amboinicus [32] against Trypanosoma brucei; and (iii) P. aduncum [40], P. matricarioides [22], and P. ossanum [54] against both Trypanosoma species. Furthermore, the essential oils from C. linearis [28], M. leucadendra [36], P. aduncum [40], P. amboinicus [32], P. matricarioides [22] and P. ossanum [54] were able to inhibit the growth of more than one protozoal parasite. These results, demonstrating the broad antiprotozoal spectra of Cuban EOs, constitute a potential source for their use in endemic areas, where more than one infectious species is present.…”

Phytochemical Screening and Antiprotozoal Effects of the Methanolic Berberis Vulgaris and Acetonic Rhus Coriaria Extracts

“…Moreover, Colares et al [38] and Le et al [39] proved antileishmanial activity of eugenol and methyleugenol (the main chemical components in AERC) against promastigotes of L. amazonensis. In addition to that, β-guaiene and caryophyllene show antiprotozoal activity against P. falciparum, T. brucei, T. cruzi, L. amazonensis, and L. infantum with IC 50 values ranging from 2.2 to 56.6 µg/mL [40]. Sena-Lopes et al [41] investigated the antiprotozoal effect of methyleugenol, β-caryophyllene and α-curcumene against the growth of T. vaginalis, with an IC 50 value of 100 µg/mL.…”