Chemical composition, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of Drymaria cordata (Linn.) Willd. against chloramphenicol-resistant Bacillus subtilis and β-lactams-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Abstract

The current study was done to evaluate the chemical composition, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of Drymaria cordata extract in three solvents i.e. methanol (DCM), hexane (DCH) and water (DCW) against chloramphenicol-resistant Bacillus subtilis and β-lactams-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Phytochemical screening and Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed the presence of phenols, amines, hydroxy group, and amino-related components. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) depicts the presence of antibacterial compounds such as hexanedioic acid, hexadecanoic acid, nonadecadiene, hexadecen-1-ol, octadecadienoic acid and neophytadiene. DPPH free radicals scavenging assay exhibit maximum percentage inhibition in DCM (71.57 %) at the concentration of 1000μg/ml. The total antioxidant through phosphomolybdate assay was observed in DCM with values 834.44 ± 4.01 mg AAE/g of extract. For antibacterial activities, DCM shows best zone of inhibition (ZOI) (8 mm at 100 µg/ml to 15.17 mm at 1000 µg/ml) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) (75 µg/ml) as compared to other extracts against Bacillus subtilis. Also, DCM shows zone of inhibition (ZOI) (6.83 mm to 13.17 mm) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) (70 µg/ml) as compared to other extracts against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These results indicate that the Drymaria cordata methanol extract possesses good antibacterial and antioxidant properties which justify its use against pathogenic bacteria.