Chemical composition, energy content and amino acid digestibility in cyperus esculentus co-products fed to growing pigs

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the chemical composition, DE, ME and NE contents, and the apparent and standardized ileal digestibility (AID and SID) of AA in cyperus esculentus co-products fed to growing pigs. The 5 cyperus esculentus co-products included expeller-pressed cyperus esculentus cake (EPCC), cold-pressed cyperus esculentus cake (CPCC), solvent-extracted cyperus esculentus meal (SECM), cyperus esculentus distillers’s dried grains with solubles (CE DDGS) and cyperus esculentus meal (CEM). In Exp. 1, a total of 36 crossbred growing pigs (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire; BW: 50.12 ± 2.91 kg) were fed 1 of 6 diets in a completely randomized design. The diets included a corn-soybean meal basal diet and 5 experimental diets containing 24.31% cyperus esculentus co-products. In Exp. 2, 12 same breed of growing pigs (BW: 47.12 ± 3.2 kg), surgically fitted with a T-cannula in the distal ileum, were allotted to 1 of 4 experimental diets in a 2-period Youden Square design. The diets included 1 N-free diet and 3 experimental diets containing 50% cyperus esculentus co-products (including EPCC, SECM and CE DDGS). Results indicated that the SECM and CE DDGS had the greatest contents of starch and CP, respectively. The contents of CF, NDF and ADF were the greatest in CEM and the lowest in SECM. On a DM basis, the DE, ME, predicted NE and apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of GE values of the 5 cyperus esculentus co-products ranged from 1,203 to 3,897 kcal/kg, 1,127 to 3,621 kcal/kg, 536 to 2,871 kcal/kg and 28% to 79%, respectively. The EPCC and CPCC had the greatest DE, ME and predicted NE values and CPCC, EPCC and SECM had the greatest ATTD of GE, whereas CEM had the lowest DE, ME, NE and ATTD of GE (P < 0.001). The NDF and ADF were negatively correlated with DE, ME and NE (P < 0.05). The AID and SID of CP varied from 53.57 % to 57.86% and from 69.99% to 87.85%, respectively. The EPCC and SECM had greater SID of CP, Ile, Met, Val, Asp, Cys and Tyr compared to those of CE DDGS (P < 0.05). These results indicated that the chemical composition, DE, ME and NE as well as the most AA digestibility of cyperus esculentus co-products obtained from different processing techniques varied greatly. Based on the energy contents and AA digestibility, the EPCC is a better feedstuff for growing pigs compared with the other 4 cyperus esculentus co-products.

Influence of Fermented-Moutai Distillers' Grain on Growth Performance, Meat Quality, and Blood Metabolites of Finishing Cattle

“…This was because the contents of various amino acids were significantly greater in diets supplemented with R1 and R2 than those in control diets ( Table 1 ). The Ile and Arg contents in beef from the R1 and R2 groups were higher than those in the control group, but the difference was not significant, indicating that different amino acids in feed have varied conversion efficiencies ( 37 ). Another possible reason is that FMDG contain probiotics that bind with epithelial cells of stomach and bowels and help to synthesize the amino acids which result in improving the content of amino acids in beef ( 15 , 38 , 39 ).…”

Standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids in soybean meal fed to non-pregnant and pregnant sows

“…Dry matter (DM), CP, crude ash, ether extract (EE), stachyose, raffinose, maltose, sucrose, AA, and mineral levels in samples were analyzed as described previously [ 13 ]. Gross energy (GE) was analyzed according to a previous report [ 14 ]. Crude fiber (CF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), insoluble dietary (IDF), and soluble dietary fiber (SDF) levels were also analyzed as described previously [ 15 , 16 ].…”

Tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus L.) oil: A review of bioactive compounds, extraction technologies, potential hazards and applications

“…The chemical composition and digestibility of tiger nut by-products obtained by different oil extraction methods (expeller-pressing, cold-pressing and solvent method) were compared. Results showed that the expeller-pressed tiger nut cake was the better feed for growing pigs compared with other two methods from the perspective of energy contents and amino acid digestibility ( Wang et al, 2021 ).…”

“…In addition, globulin (4.7%) and prolamin (3.8%) were also found ( Kizzie-Hayford et al, 2015 ). Although the protein content of tiger nut is not high, it contains eight essential amino acids required for human body, which makes it have the commercial value ( Wang et al 2021 ).…”