Chemical composition of carrot seeds (<i>Daucus carota</i> L.) cultivated in Turkey: characterization of the seed oil and essential oil

Abstract

RESUMENComposición química de semillas de zanahoria (Daucus carota L.) cultivadas en Turquía: caracterización del aceite de semilla y del aceite esencial.Se determinó la composición química y las propiedades físicas de las semillas de zanahoria (Daucus carota L.) obtenidas en Konya, Turquía, con objeto de investigar usos potenciales de las mismas. Se determinó la humedad, el peso, el contenido proteico, en aceite, en fibra, en ceniza, en ceniza insoluble en ácido clorhídrico, los carbohidratos totales, y el rendimiento de la obtención de aceite esencial a partir de 1000 semillas maduras. Asimismo se determinó la densidad relativa, el índice de refracción, el contenido en ácidos grasos libres, el índice de peróxidos, el índice de yodo, el índi-ce de saponificación y el insaponificable del aceite de la semilla. Los principales ácidos grasos determinados por cromatografía gaseosa fueron petroselénico (59.35%), linoleico (11.82%), palmítico (10.01%), y esteárico (2.41%). El contenido mineral (Al, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, Se, Sr, V and Zn) de la semillas fue determinado por espectroscopia de emisión de atómica (ICP-AES). Las semillas resultaron ser ricas en proteína, fibra y ceniza. Las composiciones del aceite esencial y del aceite comestible fueron determinadas por GC y GC-MS. Los rendimientos de aceite esencial y comestible fueron 0.83 y 7.84%, respectivamente. Los constituyentes mayoritarios del aceites esencial fueron carotol (66.78%), dauceno (8.74%), (Z,Z)-α-farneseno (5.86%), germacreno D (2.34%), trans-α-bergamoteno (2.41%), y β-selineno (2.20%). Por su parte, carotol (30.55%), ducol (12.60%) y capaenol (0.62%) fueron los componentes principales del aceite comestible. Chemical composition and physical properties were established in carrot (Daucus carota L.) seeds from Konya, Turkey to investigate their potential uses. Mature seeds were evaluated for moisture, crude protein, crude oil, crude fiber, ash, HCl-insoluble ash, total carbohydrate, essential oil yield and weight of 1000 seeds. Also, relative density, refractive index, free fatty acids, peroxide value, iodine value, saponification number and unsaponifiable matter were determined in the seed oil. The main fatty acids identified by PALABRAS-CLAVE: Aceite esencial -

Chemical composition and biological activities of essential oils of Foeniculum vulgare Mill. and Daucus carota L. growing wild in Turkey

“…Carotol was determined as the main compound in the essential oil of cultivated D. carota from Turkey. Also, limonene was found in a low amount (0.4%) and elemicin was not detected in the oil of the previous study [20]. The present study showed that have similar essential oil components to previous studies.…”

“…The wild carrot oil has biological properties such as antimicrobial, hepatocellular regenerator, general tonic and stimulant, cholesterol regulatör, and cicatrizant [6]. The main compounds of oils of D. carota were carotol, sabinene, -pinene, geraniol, β-bisabolene, γ-bisabolene, (E)-methyl isoeugenol, (E)-asorene, daucene and geranyl acetate [6,8]. There are many reports on the essential oil composition of D. carota and F. vulgare in the literature.…”

Protective Effect of the Hexanic Extract of Eryngium carlinae Inflorescences In Vitro, in Yeast, and in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Male Rats

“…The inflammatory and anti-carcinogenic activities of various plants, such as anise, chamomile, hops, lavender, coriander, ginger, apples, and carrot seeds, were attributed to the presence of farnesene. More recently, farnesene was shown to have in vitro antioxidant effects [22,23]. β-Pinene (C 10 H 16 ), another one of the major components of the hexane extract, is a monoterpene bicyclic compound present in the vast majority of essential oils that possesses antioxidant activity [21,24].…”

Comparative evaluation of antioxidant characteristics and selenium levels in seeds of Cichorium intybus L. and several representatives of Apiaceae plants

“…Такое явление может быть связано с более высоким содержанием эфирных масел в семенах петрушки, сельдерея и пастернака по сравнению с семенами цикория и моркови. В пользу этого указывают высокие показатели антиоксидантной активности и содержания эфирных масел петрушки, пастернака и сельдерея [27][28][29][30] и низкая вариабельность накопления полифенолов семенами указанных культур (рис.1b). Известно, что основными компонентами эфирных масел петрушки с высокой антиоксидантной активностью являются миристицин 34.18%, α-пинен 16.14% и апиол 15.69% [27].…”

“…У семян сельдерея основным компонентом эфирного масла является лимонен [29]. У семян моркови содержание эфирного масла в 3 раза ниже, чем в семенах петрушки, а основными компонентами масла являются каротол (66.78%), дауцен (8.74%) и фарнезен (5.86%) [30].…”