“…Pyrogallol has a wide range of pharmacological properties, including inhibition of proinflammatory cytokines (Nicolis et al 2008) and vitamin E is known for its therapeutic potential . Levels of palmitic acid (n-hexadecanoic acid) in methanol and chloroform extracts of P. guajava leaves are higher than the previously reported data for P. guajava essential oil (Khadhri et al 2014).…”
Context Psidium guajava L. (Myrtaceae) leaves are used in traditional medicines for the treatment of cancer, inflammation and other ailments. Objective The current study explores scientific validation for this traditional medication. Materials and methods We used ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazil (DPPH) assays to estimate antioxidant activity of P. guajava leaf extracts (methanol, hexane and chloroform). Antitumour and in vivo cytotoxic activities were determined using potato disc assay (PDA) and brine shrimp lethality assay, respectively. Three human carcinoma cell lines (KBM5, SCC4 and U266) were incubated with different doses (10-100 mg/mL) of extracts and the anticancer activity was estimated by MTT assay. NF-kB suppressing activity was determined using electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). Chemical composition of the three extracts was identified by GC-MS. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were measured by colorimetric assays. Results and discussions The order of antioxidant activity of three extracts was methanol4chloro-form4hexane. The IC 50 values ranged from 22.73 to 51.65 mg/mL for KBM5; 22.82 to 70.25 mg/mL for SCC4 and 20.97 to 89.55 mg/mL for U266 cells. The hexane extract exhibited potent antitumour (IC 50 value ¼ 65.02 mg/mL) and cytotoxic (LC 50 value ¼ 32.18 mg/mL) activities. This extract also completely inhibited the TNF-a induced NF-kB activation in KBM5 cells. GC-MS results showed that pyrogallol, palmitic acid and vitamin E were the major components of methanol, chloroform and hexane extracts. We observed significant (p50.05) difference in total phenolic and flavonoid contents of different solvent extracts. Conclusion The present study demonstrates that P. guajava leaf extracts play a substantial role against cancer and down-modulate inflammatory nuclear factor kB.
ARTICLE HISTORY
“…Pyrogallol has a wide range of pharmacological properties, including inhibition of proinflammatory cytokines (Nicolis et al 2008) and vitamin E is known for its therapeutic potential . Levels of palmitic acid (n-hexadecanoic acid) in methanol and chloroform extracts of P. guajava leaves are higher than the previously reported data for P. guajava essential oil (Khadhri et al 2014).…”
Context Psidium guajava L. (Myrtaceae) leaves are used in traditional medicines for the treatment of cancer, inflammation and other ailments. Objective The current study explores scientific validation for this traditional medication. Materials and methods We used ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazil (DPPH) assays to estimate antioxidant activity of P. guajava leaf extracts (methanol, hexane and chloroform). Antitumour and in vivo cytotoxic activities were determined using potato disc assay (PDA) and brine shrimp lethality assay, respectively. Three human carcinoma cell lines (KBM5, SCC4 and U266) were incubated with different doses (10-100 mg/mL) of extracts and the anticancer activity was estimated by MTT assay. NF-kB suppressing activity was determined using electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). Chemical composition of the three extracts was identified by GC-MS. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were measured by colorimetric assays. Results and discussions The order of antioxidant activity of three extracts was methanol4chloro-form4hexane. The IC 50 values ranged from 22.73 to 51.65 mg/mL for KBM5; 22.82 to 70.25 mg/mL for SCC4 and 20.97 to 89.55 mg/mL for U266 cells. The hexane extract exhibited potent antitumour (IC 50 value ¼ 65.02 mg/mL) and cytotoxic (LC 50 value ¼ 32.18 mg/mL) activities. This extract also completely inhibited the TNF-a induced NF-kB activation in KBM5 cells. GC-MS results showed that pyrogallol, palmitic acid and vitamin E were the major components of methanol, chloroform and hexane extracts. We observed significant (p50.05) difference in total phenolic and flavonoid contents of different solvent extracts. Conclusion The present study demonstrates that P. guajava leaf extracts play a substantial role against cancer and down-modulate inflammatory nuclear factor kB.
ARTICLE HISTORY
“…Dehydration of i further produced the O -quinone methide intermediate ii . β -Cubebene and α -cubebene, which have been reported to be present in the same species 10, 38, 39 , are deemed to be the sesquiterpenoid precursors. Reaction of the terpenoid precursors with ii
via hetero-Diels-Alder reactions would afford 1 and 2 .Figure 13A plausible biosynthetic pathway of 1 and 2 .
…”
Bioassay-guided fractionation of the ethanolic extract of the leaves of Psidium guajava led to the isolation of 11 new Psidium meroterpenoids, psiguajadials A–K (1–11), along with 17 known ones (12–28). Their structures and absolute configurations were elucidated by spectroscopic methods and comparison of experimental and calculated ECD. Compounds 1 and 2 represent two unprecedented skeletons of 3,5-diformyl-benzyl phloroglucinol-coupled sesquiterpenoid, while 3 is the first example of Psidium meroterpenoids coupling via an oxepane ring. Putative biosynthetic pathways towards 1 and 2 are proposed. Compounds 1–13 and 16–26 exhibited moderate inhibitory activities against phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4), a drug target for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, with IC50 values in the range of 1.34–7.26 μM.
“…It is worth noting that the amount of oxygenated sesquiterpenes and sesquiterpenes hydrocarbons were the majority in the Guangdong Province samples (over 95.00%), whereas monoterpenes derivatives were barely detected. Khadhri et al . studied the chemical composition of essential oil of P. guajava L. growing in Tunisia.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It is worth noting that the amount of oxygenated sesquiterpenes and sesquiterpenes hydrocarbons were the majority in the Guangdong Province samples (over 95.00%), whereas monoterpenes derivatives were barely detected. Khadhri et al [14] studied the chemical composition of essential oil of P. guajava L. growing in Tunisia. Among the 21 identified compounds, the major compounds identified from the essential oil of the stems were a-humulene (10.93%), germacrene D (16.79%) and valerenol (10.62%), whereas the essential oil of the leaves was dominated by veridiflorol (36.4%) and trans-caryophyllene (5.9%), which was very different from the results of our study.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Abdelli et al [13] reported that the essential oil extracted from Algerian Mentha pulegium L. leaves possessed good antioxidant, antimicrobial, and insecticidal capacities. Khadhri et al [14] determined the chemical composition of essential oils from the leaves and stems of P. guajava grown in Tunisia using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry GC/MS. The researchers confirmed that the essential oil of the leaf was dominated by veridiflorol (36.4%) and trans-caryophyllene (5.9%).…”
Hydrodistilled essential oils (EO) of Psidium guajava L. leaves from different regions in China were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The samples from Guangdong Province displayed high EO yields (0.61 - 0.75%, v/w). A total of 50 components, representing over 98.00% of the EOs, were identified and semi-quantitatived. The major constituents of EOs included β-caryophyllene (17.17 - 31.38%), γ-gurjunene (9.17 - 15.22%), τ-cadinol (1.35 - 10.02%) and calamenene (2.13 - 7.80%). The terpenoids in all sample oils were dominated by sesquiterpenes hydrocarbons (70.18 - 84.35%), followed by oxygenated sesquiterpenes (9.89 - 22.19%). The similarities and differences among EOs from different samples were evaluated by hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis methods. The IC values of EOs from different regions were between 18.52 - 33.72 mg/ml (DPPH) and 13.12 - 25.15 mg/ml (ABTS ). The FRAP value of EO from Guangdong Province was 7.34 - 9.13 mmol Vc/g DM, while the FRAP value of EO from Taiwan Province was 2.29 - 2.36 mmol Vc/g DM. The antimicrobial tests revealed that EO had a higher antimicrobial activity against all Gram-positive bacteria and two fungi. Moreover, EO from P. guajava leaves of Guangdong Province showed the highest antimicrobial activity. These properties can be considered in the design of industrial products and for further application in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.
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