Chemical composition of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) seed oil

Abstract

Seeds from nine kenaf genotypes (Cubano, Everglades 41, Everglades 71, GR2563, Guatemala 48, Indian, 178-18RS-10, Tainung #l, and Tainting #2) were evaluated for oil, fatty acid, phospholipid, and sterol content. Oil content ranged from 21.4 to 26.4% with a mean of 23.7%. Total phospholipids ranged from 3.9 to 10.3% of the oil, with a mean of 6.0%. Mean sterol percent was 0.9 and ranged from 0.6% of the total oil for 178-18RS-10 accession to 1.2% for Everglades 71. Palmitic (20.1% of the total fatty acids), oleic (29.2%), and linoleic (45.9%) were the major fatty acids, and palmitoleic (1.6%), linolenic (0.7%), and stearic (3.5%) were the minor components. Medium (Ci2-Ci4) and long (C22-C24) chain fatty acids were less than 1%. Sphingomyelin (4.42% of the total phospholipids), phosphatidyl ethanolamine (12.8%), phosphatidyl choline (21.9%), phosphatidyl serine (2.9%), phosphatidyl inositol (2.7%), lysophosphatidyl choline (5.3%), phosphatidyl glycerol (8.9%), phosphatidic acid (4.9%), and cardiolipin (3.6%) were identified in the nine genotypes. Phosphatidyl choline, phosphatidyl ethanolamine, and phosphatidyl glycerol were the dominant phospholipids. In addition, eight unidentified phospholipids were also found. /I-sitosterol (72.3% of the total sterols), campsterol (9.9%), and stigmasterol (6.07%) were prevalent among kenaf genotypes. Kenaf's relatively high oil content and its similarity to cottonseed oil suggest that the seed oil may be used as a source of edible oil. The variation among genotypes indicates potential for genetic improvement in oil yield and quality.

Phytochemicals and antioxidant activity in the kenaf plant (Hibiscus cannabinus L.)

“…Hydrocarbon compounds have been shown to exhibit antimicrobial activity (Kobaisy et al 2001;Ebije et al 2014). Kenaf seeds oil is used for margarine, and it is thus safe for human and animals (Mohamed et al 1995;Ghafar et al 2012;Alexopoulou et al 2013;Ghafar et al 2013;Ryu et al 2016).…”

“…The seeds are also consumed to weight increase and bruises (Kubmarawa et al 2009;Alexopoulou et al 2013). The kenaf leaf and seed contains a variety of different compounds, including phenolic compounds, flavonoids, essential oils, and fatty acids (Mohamed et al 1995;Jin et al 2013;Ryu et al 2013;Nandagopalan et al 2015;Obouayeba et al 2015). Kenaf has been reported to exhibit properties associated with anodynes, aperitifs, aphrodisiacs, anti-inflammatory medications, and antioxidants for leaf and seed.…”

Effects of Microwave Pre-treatment on the Quality of Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) Seed Oil

“…Linoleic acid was the most fatty acid components that can be found in kenaf seed oil, followed by oleic acid and palmitic acid. Similarly, Mohamed et al [4] also reported that kenaf seed oil consist of the highest percentage of linoleic acid, followed by oleic acid and palmitic acid, which were 45.9%, 29.2% and 20.1%, respectively.…”

“…The high percentage of oleic acid in oil makes it desirable in terms of nutrition and high stability as cooking and frying oil. Furthermore, many studies had shown that kenaf seed oil has high potential as edible oil, due to its relatively high oil content and the unique fatty acid composition which is similar to cottonseed oil [4]. Besides, tocopherols were reported to be found in kenaf seed oil.…”

“…Kenaf seed oil contains fatty acids, phospholipids, and sterols [3]. Kenaf seed oil is high in unsaturated fatty acids (20.1%-45.9%) with linoleic, oleic and palmitic acids being predominant fatty acid in the oil [4]. The presence of high amount of linoleic acid in kenaf seed oil caused that the oil could be used as a good source of essential fatty acid [5].…”