Chemical composition of major VOC emission sources in the Seoul atmosphere

Na, Kwangsam; Kim, Yong Pyo; Moon, Il; Moon, Kyung Chul

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.01.010

Cited by 157 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…As indicated by the study of Harley et al (2000), headspace vapor from different grades of gasoline had quite similar hydrocarbon compositions or normalized activities; previously study about gasoline headspace vapors (Na et al, 2004;Liu et al, 2008a) or emission inventories did not make a discrimination of different grades of gasoline. Therefore, for the convenience of the use of our measured results, in the present study vapors or liquid gasoline compositions for grade 97# and 93# gasoline were pooled together and we report average weight percentages and their ranges (Table 1).…”

Section: Quality Control and Quality Assurancementioning

confidence: 92%

“…Detailed species compositions of vapors and gasoline samples were presented in Table A.1 as supporting materials. Compositions of gasoline and headspace vapors in the present study or investigated previously in South Korea (Na et al, 2004), the United States (Harley et al, 2000) and China (Liu et al, 2008a) were also summarized in Table 1 for comparison. Alkanes, alkenes and aromatic hydrocarbons accounted for 55e 66, 21e35 and 4e8% in refueling vapors, 59e72, 18e28 and 4e10% in headspace vapors and 3351, 8e15 and 38e48% in liquid gasoline samples, respectively (Table 1). Aromatic hydrocarbons with comparatively higher molecular weights and less volatility were present much more in liquid gasoline than in vapors, as can be seen by their weight percentages of about 42% in liquid gasoline and <10% in vapors (Fig.…”

Section: Species Profilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although focus has been always put on estimating VOC emission rates, species profiles are also very important for studying the health/ecological effects and atmospheric activity of VOCs emitted. To obtain species profiles for VOC emission from gasoline distribution, we should mainly consider three categories of emissions: headspace vapor typical of storage tanks' loss as measured previously by Na et al (2004) and Liu et al (2008a); gasoline compositions typical of spillage/leakage loss as measured previously by Schauer et al (2002); and more importantly vapor evolved as a result of splashing and turbulence during filling vehicle tanks. Till present the speciation of VOCs from oil evaporation is quite limited in China (Liu et al, 2008a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Species profiles and normalized reactivity of volatile organic compounds from gasoline evaporation in China

Zhang

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2013

Atmospheric Environment

137

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Section: Quality Control and Quality Assurancementioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Species Profilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Species profiles and normalized reactivity of volatile organic compounds from gasoline evaporation in China

Zhang

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2013

Atmospheric Environment

137

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“…Source 4 is rich in acetylene, ethene, and C 3 -C 4 alkenes, indicating its relation to biomass burning [2]. Source 6 is oil evaporation, which is characterized by the abundance of isopentane, and C 5 -C 6 alkanes [75].…”

Section: Source Attribution By Pmfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source attributions of hazardous aromatic hydrocarbons in urban, suburban and rural areas in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region

Zhang

Wang

Barletta

et al. 2013

Journal of Hazardous Materials

137

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h i g h l i g h t sWe measured aromatic hydrocarbons at four contrasting sites in the PRD region. Diagnostic ratios were used to imply sources of aromatic hydrocarbons. Sources of aromatic hydrocarbons were apportioned by PMF receptor model. Solvent use, vehicle exhaust and biomass burning contributed over 89% AHs. Biomass burning contributed to AHs, particularly for Benzene in the rural. t r a c tAromatic hydrocarbons (AHs) are both hazardous air pollutants and important precursors to ozone and secondary organic aerosols. Here we investigated 14 C 6 -C 9 AHs at one urban, one suburban and two rural sites in the Pearl River Delta region during November-December 2009. The ratios of individual aromatics to acetylene were compared among these contrasting sites to indicate their difference in source contributions from solvent use and vehicle emissions. Ratios of toluene to benzene (T/B) in urban (1.8) and suburban (1.6) were near that of vehicle emissions. Higher T/B of 2.5 at the rural site downwind the industry zones reflected substantial contribution of solvent use while T/B of 0.8 at the upwind rural site reflected the impact of biomass burning. Source apportionment by positive matrix factorization (PMF) revealed that solvent use, vehicle exhaust and biomass burning altogether accounted for 89-94% of observed AHs. Vehicle exhaust was the major source for benzene with a share of 43-70% and biomass burning in particular contributed 30% to benzene in the upwind rural site; toluene, C 8 -aromatics and C 9 -aromatics, however, were mainly from solvent use, with contribution percentages of 47-59%, 52-59% and 41-64%, respectively.

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“…Sweet et al (1992), Scheff et al (1993), Kenski et al (1995), Zielinska et al (1996), Gee et al (1998), Mujica et al (1998, Singer et al (1999), Chan et al (2002), Doskey et al (2002), Na et al (2004Na et al ( , 2005.…”

Section: Rela Ción Entre Compuestosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emisiones de compuestos orgánicos volátiles durante arranques en frío de automóviles ligeros

Mendoza-Domínguez

León-Romero

Caballero-Mata

2010

IIT

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ResumenEl arranque en frío ha sido cata lo gado como uno de los periodos del ciclo de operación de los vehículos, en donde se puede esperar una cantidad impor tante de emisiones de compuestos orgá nicos volá tiles (COVs). En el presente trabajo se reportan los resul tados de dos campañas de moni toreo reali zadas en el Área Metropo li tana de Monte rrey, México, para carac te rizar las emisiones en el escape de 20 auto mó viles de modelo reciente (prefe ren te mente de tipo sedán) durante eventos de arranque en frío. Las mues tras obte nidas fueron sujetas a análisis químico para identi ficar el perfil de COVs en las emisiones gene radas. El análisis químico estuvo centrado en 30 alcanos y aromá ticos en el inter valo C5 a C9. Los resul tados reve laron que las espe cies con mayor concen tra ción fueron: Dime til he xano, 2,2,4-Trime tilpen tano y 2,3,4-Trime til pen tano. Asimismo, se encontró que vehículos que emplean el mismo tipo de gaso lina (Magna o Premium) tienden a tener un perfil químico de emisiones pare cido y esta dís ti ca mente dife rente al otro grupo. El efecto del kilo me traje reco rrido, el año-modelo o la marca del vehículo no fue deter mi nante para este resul tado. Esto implica que el perfil químico de las emisiones obte nidas, es prác ti ca mente una función exclu siva del tipo de gaso lina empleado y no de las condiciones del vehículo. Por otro lado, las rela ciones promedio calcu ladas entre las emisiones de Benceno, Tolueno y Etil ben ceno (T:B-1.9, E:B-0.6 y B:T-1.5) están dentro de los inter valos de refe rencia encon trados en la lite ra tura. Final mente, se clasi fi caron los compuestos emitidos respecto a su reac ti vidad (poten cial de formación de ozono) empleando una escala de concen tra ción propi leno equi va lente. Se

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Chemical composition of major VOC emission sources in the Seoul atmosphere

Cited by 157 publications

References 21 publications

Species profiles and normalized reactivity of volatile organic compounds from gasoline evaporation in China

Species profiles and normalized reactivity of volatile organic compounds from gasoline evaporation in China

Source attributions of hazardous aromatic hydrocarbons in urban, suburban and rural areas in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region

Emisiones de compuestos orgánicos volátiles durante arranques en frío de automóviles ligeros

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