Chemical Composition of Microbe-Derived Dissolved Organic Matter in Cryoconite in Tibetan Plateau Glaciers: Insights from Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry Analysis

Feng, Lin; Xu, Jianzhong; Kang, Shichang; Li, Xiaofei; Li, Yang; Jiang, Bin; Shi, Quan

doi:10.1021/acs.est.6b03971

Cited by 113 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Most of these samples were collected from snow drifts. These values were higher than the a CDOM (280) of CDOM in snow, ice, and cryoconite on the Tibetan Plateau (typically lower than 2.0 m −1 ) (Feng et al, 2016(Feng et al, , 2017. The lowest value was found at site 66 (0.15 m −1 ), followed by sites 70, 82, 73, and 83 (0.21, 0.23, 0.30, and 0.31 m −1 ), and these values were comparable with the absorption of soluble species in Alaskan snow with typical values of 0.1-0.15 m −1 at 250 nm (Beine et al, 2011).…”

Section: Air Mass Backward Trajectories and Active-fire Datamentioning

confidence: 71%

The optical characteristics and sources of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) in seasonal snow of northwestern China

et al. 2019

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Abstract. Chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) plays an important role in the global carbon cycle and energy budget but is rarely studied in seasonal snow. A field campaign was conducted across northwestern China from January to February 2012, and surface snow samples were collected at 39 sites in Xinjiang and Qinghai provinces. Absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies, along with chemical analysis, were used to investigate the optical characteristics and potential sources of CDOM in seasonal snow. The abundance of CDOM, shown as the absorption coefficient at 280 nm, aCDOM(280), and the spectral slope from 275 to 295 nm (S275−295) ranged from 0.15 to 10.57 m−1 and 0.0129 to 0.0389 nm−1. The highest average aCDOM(280) (2.30±0.52 m−1) was found in Qinghai, and the lowest average S275−295 (0.0188±0.0015 nm−1) indicated that the snow CDOM in this region had a strongly terrestrial characteristic. The lower values of aCDOM(280) were found at sites located to the north of the Tianshan Mountains and northwestern Xinjiang along the border of China (0.93±0.68 m−1 and 0.80±0.62 m−1). Parallel factor (PARAFAC) analysis identified three types of fluorophores that were attributed to two humic-like substances (HULIS, C1 and C2) and one protein-like material (C3). C1 was mainly from soil HULIS, C3 was a type of autochthonously labile organic matter, while the potential sources of C2 were complex, including soil, microbial activity, anthropogenic pollution, and biomass burning. Furthermore, the regional variations of sources for snow CDOM were assessed by analyses of chemical species (e.g., soluble ions), fluorescent components, and air mass backward trajectories combined with satellite-derived active-fire locations.

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Section: Air Mass Backward Trajectories and Active-fire Datamentioning

confidence: 71%

The optical characteristics and sources of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) in seasonal snow of northwestern China

et al. 2019

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“…Fractions of water-insoluble organic carbon (WIOC) were calculated as the difference of OC and WSOC mass concentrations. The details of instruments and measurement procedures are published elsewhere (Feng et al, 2016;Lin et al, 2018;Xu et al, 2015).…”

Section: Overall Chemical Composition Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional Differences of Chemical Composition and Optical Properties of Aerosols in the Tibetan Plateau

Hettiyadura

Liu

et al. 2020

JGR Atmospheres

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In this study, PM 2.5 filter samples were collected from two high-elevation sites located in the southern and northern areas of Tibetan Plateau (TP): the Qomolangma Station for Atmospheric Environmental Observation and Research (QOMS) and Waliguan Baseline Observatory (WLG), respectively. Collected samples were analyzed to examine the regional differences in aerosol properties and relate them to potential chemical processes in the TP area. The aerosol mass concentrations inferred from measured chemical components were higher at WLG (11.2 μg m −3 ) compared to QOMS (6.8 μg m −3 ). The chemical composition shows higher contribution of organic aerosol at QOMS than that of WLG. The optical properties of water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) from the QOMS samples show higher light absorption efficient than those collected at WLG. The light absorption of WSOC at QOMS indicates significant pH dependence with enhanced light absorption at higher pH values, while the light absorption of WSOC from WLG samples show very weak pH dependence. The different pH dependence property suggests the different chemical composition between them. The molecular-level chemical composition investigated using high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) assisted with an electrospray ionization (ESI) shows significant differences in WSOC composition representative of two sampling sites. For QOMS samples, CHO and CHON compounds are the major chemical species detected in the negative (−) ESI mode, while CHO and CHOS compounds are the most abundant chemical species detected by the same method in samples collected at WLG. The differences in their molecular composition indicate the different sources and chemical processes in these two regions.

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“…CHO compounds have been frequently detected in ambient aerosol samples (Altieri et al, 2009b;Mazzoleni et al, 2010;Lin et al, 2012;Fleming et al, 2018), which could comprise high molecular weight humic-like substances (HULIS) or oligomers, and in primary emission or secondary formation of different aerosol sources (Mazzoleni et al, 2012;Wozniak et al, 2014;Lin et al, 2016;Cook et al, 2017). In our samples, the weighted molecular weight of CHO compounds was 361.9, with an average C atom of 19.3 ± 5.3 per molecule; the most abundant O atoms were located in the range 5-10, with an average value of 7.8 ± 2.9 per molecule ( Fig.…”

Section: Cho Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many studies show that biomass burning is an important source of brown carbon (e.g., Saleh et al, 2014;Washenfelder et al, 2015), which is very common in developing regions in the southern Himalayas. In comparison with other regions, high elevation and mixed biomass fuels in the southern Himalayas could make the evolution and chemical composition of OA from biomass burning emission more complicated (Stockwell et al, 2016;Fleming et al, 2018;Jayarathne et al, 2018).…”

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confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization of organic aerosol in the Himalayas: insight from ultra-high-resolution mass spectrometry

Feng

et al. 2019

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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An increased trend in aerosol concentration has been observed in the Himalayas in recent years, but the understanding of the chemical composition and sources of aerosol remains poorly understood. In this study, molecular chemical composition of water-soluble organic matter (WSOM) from two filter samples collected during two high aerosol loading periods (denoted as P1 and P2) at a highaltitude station (Qomolangma Station, QOMS; 4276 m a.s.l.) in the northern Himalayas was identified using electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (ESI-FTICR MS). More than 4000 molecular formulas were identified in each filter sample which were classified into two compound groups (CHO and CHON) based on their elemental composition, with both accounting for nearly equal contributions in number (45 %-55 %). The relative abundance weighted mole ratio of O/C w for P1 and P2 was 0.43 and 0.39, respectively, and the weighted double bond equivalents (DBE w ), an index for the saturation of organic molecules, were 7.12 and 7.87, respectively. Although the O/C w mole ratio was comparable for CHO and CHON compounds, the DBE w was significantly higher in CHON compounds than CHO compounds. More than 50 % molecular formulas in the Van Krevelen (VK) diagram (H/C vs. O/C) were located in 1-1.5 (H/C) and 0.2-0.6 (O/C) regions, suggesting potential lignin-like compounds. The distributions of CHO and CHON compounds in the VK diagram, DBE vs. number of C atoms, and other diagnostic diagrams showed high similarities among each other, suggest-ing their similar source and/or atmospheric processes. Many formulas formed from biogenic volatile organic compounds (e.g., ozonolysis of α-pinene products) and biomass-burningemitted compounds (e.g., phenolic compounds) were found in the WSOM, suggesting the important contribution of these two sources in the Himalayas. The high DBE and high fraction of nitrogen-containing aerosol can potentially impact aerosol light absorption in this remote region. Further comprehensive study is needed due to the complexity of organic aerosol and limited molecular number identified in this study.

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Chemical Composition of Microbe-Derived Dissolved Organic Matter in Cryoconite in Tibetan Plateau Glaciers: Insights from Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry Analysis

Cited by 113 publications

References 53 publications

The optical characteristics and sources of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) in seasonal snow of northwestern China

The optical characteristics and sources of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) in seasonal snow of northwestern China

Regional Differences of Chemical Composition and Optical Properties of Aerosols in the Tibetan Plateau

Molecular characterization of organic aerosol in the Himalayas: insight from ultra-high-resolution mass spectrometry

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